Carlson et al. [17] |
N = 43 (psychotic mania), clinical, 24-month follow-up |
Childhood and adolescent BD onset is associated with increased risk for substance use disorders |
Carter et al. [20] |
N = 320 (229 BD I, 91 BD II), clinical, cross-sectional |
Ernst et al. [18] |
N = 56 (46 BD I, 7 BD II, 3 BD NOS), clinical, cross-sectional |
Goldstein et al. [21] |
N = 1,411 (BD), epidemiological, cross-sectional |
Lin et al. [13] |
N = 717 (510 BD I, 155 BD II, 52 schiz.aff.), family study, cross-sectional |
Perlis et al. [19] |
N = 983 (703 BD I, 239 BD II, 40 BD NOS), clinical, cross-sectional |
Feinman et al. [26] |
N = 188 (82 BD I, 42 BD II, 26 cycl., 38 BD NOS), clinical, cross-sectional |
Substance use disorders preceding BD are associated with a later BD onset |
DelBello et al. [27] |
N = 51 (BD I), clinical, cross-sectional |
Fossey et al. [30] |
N = 1,000 (710 BD I, 240 BD II, 40 BD NOS), clinical, cross-sectional |
Strakowski et al. [31] |
N = 59 (psychotic mania), clinical, cross-sectional |
Strakowski et al. [28] |
N = 144 (BD I), clinical, 5-year follow-up |
Alcohol use disorders preceding BD are associated with a later BD onset |
Strakowski et al. [29] |
N = 144 (BD I), clinical, 5-year follow-up |
Cannabis use disorders preceding BD are associated with a later BD onset |
Goldstein and Levitt [33] |
N = 657 (BD I), epidemiological, cross-sectional |
Alcohol use disorders preceding BD are associated with a less severe BD course |
Strakowski et al. [28] |
N = 144 (BD I), clinical, 5-year follow-up |
Winokur et al. [32] |
N = 231 (BD I and schizoaffective manic), clinical, 5-year follow-up |
Pacchiarotti et al. [34] |
N = 289 (186 BD I, 103 BD II), clinical, cross-sectional |
Substance use disorders preceding BD are associated with a less severe BD course |
DelBello et al. [27] |
N = 51 (BD I), clinical, cross-sectional |
Substance use disorders preceding BD are associated with lower rates of family history of affective disorders |
Baethge et al. [36] |
N = 166 (BD I), clinical, 4.7-year follow-up |
Cannabis use coincides with or precedes (hypo)manic symptoms, while alcohol coincides with or precedes depressive symptoms |
Henquet et al. [37] |
N = 4,815 (general population sample), epidemiological, 3-year follow-up |
Cannabis use is associated with an increased risk for developing manic symptoms |
Tijssen et al. [38] |
N = 1,395 (14-17 year olds, population sample), epidemiological, 8-year follow-up |
Van Laar et al. [39] |
N = 3,881 (general population sample), epidemiological, 3-year follow-up |
Cannabis use is associated with an increased risk for developing BD |