Table 1.

The annual direct medical and non-medical costs of atrial fibrillation (AF) in Sweden

Resources	Unit cost (€)	Annual no.	Annual cost (€ million)	Sources
Direct medical costs
Hospitalization (inpatient care)			62.00
Electrical cardioversion	1,233	8,600	10.60	[a]
Hospitalization, unspecified	1,233	22,560	27.82	[a]
Catheter ablation	11,485	857	9.84	[a]
His-ablation incl pacemaker	9,488	222	2.11	[a]
Maze surgery	35,234	77	2.71	[a]
Other surgery for AF	35,234	253	8.91	[a]
Hospital outpatient care			21.51
Visit to a specialist	328	47,324	15.54	[b]
Electrical cardioversion	824	6,811	5.61	[a]
Pacemaker or defibrillatorc	4,267	83	0.35	[a]
Visit to a general practitioner	118	54,218	6.39	[d]
AF as secondary diagnosis	685	90,623	62.05	[a]
Pharmaceuticals	n.a.	n.a.	19.27	[e]
Anticoagulation monitoring	23/62	1,047,801	41.09	[f]
Direct non-medical costs
Transportation	14.5/29/58	1,188,806	28.01	[g]
Total direct cost of AFh			240.31

^aUnit costs from DRG (Diagnosed Related Groups). Annual no. from the Patient Registry at the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare

^bUnit cost from a medical price list (“Utomlänsprislista”) for the Västra Götaland Region. Annual no. from the Patient Registry at the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare

^cInsertion, change or removal of pacemaker or defibrillator, short therapy (hospital outpatient procedure)

^dUnit cost from a medical price list (“Utomlänsprislista”) for the Västra Götaland Region. Annual no. estimated by an expert panel

^eUnit costs from reference [21]. Annual no. based on references [17–20]

^fUnit costs (anticoagulation clinic/primary health care) from a medical price list (“Utomlänsprislista”) for the Västra Götaland Region, and reference [22]. Annual no. based on references [18–20, 22]

^gUnit costs (primary health care/hospital outpatient care/hospitalization) based on reference [23]. Annual no. from the Patient Registry, estimates from an expert panel, and references [18–20, 22]

^hCost of complications (stroke and heart failure) not included