Grade A | When establishing pneumoperitoneum to gain access to the abdominal cavity, extreme caution is required. Be aware of the risk of injury. |
The open access should be utilized as an alternative to the Veress needle technique, especially in patients after previous open abdominal surgery. | |
Grade C | The technique of access should be adapted in case of obesity, previous intra-abdominal surgery, and abdominal wall hernias. |