Table 1.
Guignardia and Phyllosticta isolates investigated in this study.
| Species | Strain no. 1 | Substrate | Country 2 | Collector(s) | GenBank Accession number |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITS | TEF1 | ACT | GPDH 3 | |||||
| Guignardia mangiferae | IMI 260576 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | India | M.V. Leksshmi | JF261459 | JF261501 | JF343641 | JF343748 |
| Phyllosticta bifrenariae | VIC30556; CBS 128855 | Bifrenaria harrisoniae (Orchidaceae), living leaves | Brazil: MG | O. Pereira | JF343565 | JF343586 | JF343649 | JF343744 |
| Phyllosticta brazilianiae | LGMF330 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | JF343572 | JF343593 | JF343656 | JF343758 |
| LGMF333 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | JF343574 | JF343595 | JF343658 | JF343760 | |
| LGMF334 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | JF343566 | JF343587 | JF343650 | JF343752 | |
| LGMF335 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | JF343577 | JF343598 | JF343661 | JF343763 | |
| LGMF338 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | JF343569 | JF343590 | JF343653 | JF343755 | |
| LGMF341 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | JF343575 | JF343596 | JF343659 | JF343761 | |
| LGMF342 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | JF343576 | JF343597 | JF343660 | JF343762 | |
| LGMF343 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | JF343571 | JF343592 | JF343655 | JF343757 | |
| LGMF347 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | JF343567 | JF343588 | JF343651 | JF343753 | |
| LGMF350 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | JF343573 | JF343594 | JF343657 | JF343759 | |
| LGMF357 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF343570 | JF343591 | JF343654 | JF343756 | |
| LGMF372 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF343568 | JF343589 | JF343652 | JF343754 | |
| Phyllosticta capitalensis | 16 | Citrus paradisii (Rutaceae), fruit | Florida | – | JF261456 | JF261498 | JF343638 | JF343745 |
| 90 | Smilax kraussiana (Smilacaceae), leaf | South Africa | G.C. Carroll | JF261457 | JF261499 | JF343639 | JF343746 | |
| 106 | Encephalartos ferox (Zamiaceae), healthy leaves | South Africa | G.C. Carroll | JF261458 | JF261500 | JF343640 | JF343747 | |
| CBS 100175 | Citrus sp. (Rutaceae), healthy leaves | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | FJ538320 | FJ538378 | FJ538436 | JF343699 | |
| CBS 100176 | Citrus sp. (Rutaceae), healthy leaves | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | FJ538321 | FJ538379 | FJ538437 | JF343704 | |
| CBS 100250 | Psidium guajava (Myrtaceae), fruits | Brazil | C. Glienke | FJ538351 | FJ538409 | FJ538467 | JF343710 | |
| CBS 101228 | Nephelium lappaceum (Sapindaceae), discoloured spinters | USA: Hawaii | K.A. Nishijima | FJ538319 | FJ538377 | FJ538435 | JF343697 | |
| CBS 111638 | Capsicum sp. (Solanaceae), fruit | Dominican Republic | G.C. Carroll | FJ538345 | FJ538403 | FJ538461 | JF343709 | |
| CBS 114751 | Vaccinium sp. (Ericaceae), leaf | New Zealand | T. Fluher | FJ538349 | FJ538407 | FJ538465 | JF343722 | |
| CBS 115046 | Myracrodruon urundeuva (Anacardiaceae), leaf or bark | Brazil | K.F. Rodrigues | FJ538322 | FJ538380 | FJ538438 | JF343711 | |
| CBS 115047 | Aspidosperma polyneuron (Apocynaceae), leaf or bark | Brazil | K.F. Rodrigues | FJ538323 | FJ538381 | FJ538439 | JF343705 | |
| CBS 115049 | Bowdichia nitida (Fabaceae), leaf or bark | Brazil | K.F. Rodrigues | FJ538324 | FJ538382 | FJ538440 | JF343706 | |
| CBS 115051 | Spondias mombin (Anacardiaceae), leaf or bark | Brazil | K.F. Rodrigues | FJ538325 | FJ538383 | FJ538441 | JF343715 | |
| CBS 115052 | Spondias mombin (Anacardiaceae), leaf or bark | Brazil | K.F. Rodrigues | FJ538326 | FJ538384 | FJ538442 | JF343712 | |
| CBS 115053 | Myracrodruon urundeuva (Anacardiaceae), leaf or bark | Brazil | K.F. Rodrigues | FJ538327 | FJ538385 | FJ538443 | JF343717 | |
| CBS 115056 | Anacardium giganteum (Anacardiaceae), leaf or bark | Brazil | K.F. Rodrigues | FJ538328 | FJ538386 | FJ538444 | JF343720 | |
| CBS 115057 | Anacardium giganteum (Anacardiaceae), leaf or bark | Brazil | K.F. Rodrigues | FJ538329 | FJ538387 | FJ538445 | JF343716 | |
| CBS 115313 | Myracrodruon urundeuva (Anacardiaceae), leaf or bark | Brazil | K.F. Rodrigues | FJ538330 | FJ538388 | FJ538446 | JF343713 | |
| CBS 115345 | Bowdichia nitida (Fabaceae), leaf or bark | Brazil | K.F. Rodrigues | FJ538331 | FJ538389 | FJ538447 | JF343707 | |
| CBS 117118 | Musa acuminata (Musaceae) | Indonesia | I. Buddenhagen | FJ538339 | FJ538397 | FJ538455 | JF343723 | |
| CBS 119720 | Musa sp. (Musaceae) | USA: Hawaii | I. Buddenhagen | FJ538340 | FJ538398 | FJ538456 | JF343708 | |
| CBS 123373 | Musa paradisiaca (Musaceae) | Thailand | N.F. Wulandari | FJ538341 | FJ538399 | FJ538457 | JF343703 | |
| CBS 123374 | Citrus aurantium (Rutaceae) | Thailand | N.F. Wulandari | FJ538332 | FJ538390 | FJ538448 | JF343702 | |
| CBS 123404 | Musa paradisiaca (Musaceae) | Thailand | N.F. Wulandari | FJ538333 | FJ538391 | FJ538449 | JF343701 | |
| CBS 123405 | Musa acuminata (Musaceae) | Thailand | N.F. Wulandari | FJ538334 | FJ538392 | FJ538450 | JF343726 | |
| CBS 173.77 | Citrus aurantiifolia (Rutaceae) | New Zealand | – | FJ538335 | FJ538393 | FJ538451 | JF343725 | |
| CBS 226.77 | Paphiopedilum callosum (Orchidaceae), leaf spot | Germany | – | FJ538336 | FJ538394 | FJ538452 | JF343718 | |
| CBS 356.52; ATCC 11368 | Ilex sp. (Aquifoliaceae) | – | – | FJ538342 | FJ538400 | FJ538458 | JF343721 | |
| CBS 373.54 | Ilex sp. (Aquifoliaceae) | – | – | FJ538343 | FJ538401 | FJ538459 | JF343698 | |
| CMU131 | Magnolia liliifera (Magnoliaceae), leaf endophyte | Thailand | L.M. Duong | FJ538346 | FJ538404 | FJ538462 | JF343724 | |
| CMU139 | Magnolia liliifera (Magnoliaceae), leaf endophyte | Thailand | L.M. Duong | FJ538347 | FJ538405 | FJ538463 | JF343714 | |
| CMU142 | Magnolia liliifera (Magnoliaceae), leaf endophyte | Thailand | L.M. Duong | FJ538348 | FJ538406 | FJ538464 | JF343719 | |
| CPC 18845 | Stanhopea graveolens (Orchidaceae) | Brazil | O.L. Pereira | JF261463 | JF261505 | JF343645 | JF343774 | |
| CPC 18847 | Stanhopea graveolens (Orchidaceae) | Brazil | O.L. Pereira | JF261464 | JF261506 | JF343646 | JF343775 | |
| CPC 18848; CBS 128856 | Stanhopea graveolens (Orchidaceae) | Brazil | O.L. Pereira | JF261465 | JF261507 | JF343647 | JF343776 | |
| CPC 18849 | Stanhopea graveolens (Orchidaceae) | Brazil | O.L. Pereira | JF261466 | JF261508 | JF343648 | JF343777 | |
| G22 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: SP | A. de Goes | JF261437 | JF261479 | JF343619 | JF343700 | |
| LGMF02 | Citrus latifolia (Rutaceae), healthy leaves | Brazil: SP | A. de Goes | JF261452 | JF261494 | JF343634 | JF343741 | |
| LGMF03 | Citrus latifolia (Rutaceae), healthy leaves | Brazil: SP | A. de Goes | JF261453 | JF261495 | JF343635 | JF343749 | |
| LGMF181 | Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae), black spot on fruit | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261447 | JF261489 | JF343629 | JF343736 | |
| LGMF217 | Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261451 | JF261493 | JF343633 | JF343740 | |
| LGMF219 | Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261448 | JF261490 | JF343630 | JF343737 | |
| LGMF220 | Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261446 | JF261488 | JF343628 | JF343735 | |
| LGMF222 | Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261450 | JF261492 | JF343632 | JF343739 | |
| LGMF231 | Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | JF261441 | JF261483 | JF343623 | JF343730 | |
| LGMF240 | Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | JF261443 | JF261485 | JF343625 | JF343732 | |
| LGMF244 | Citrus limonia (Rutaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261442 | JF261484 | JF343624 | JF343731 | |
| LGMF253 | Citrus limonia (Rutaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261460 | JF261502 | JF343642 | JF343750 | |
| LGMF259 | Citrus latifolia (Rutaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261461 | JF261503 | JF343643 | JF343751 | |
| LGMF317 | Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261440 | JF261482 | JF343622 | JF343729 | |
| LGMF318 | Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261454 | JF261496 | JF343636 | JF343742 | |
| LGMF319 | Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261445 | JF261487 | JF343627 | JF343734 | |
| LGMF326 | Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261444 | JF261486 | JF343626 | JF343733 | |
| LGMF332 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: SP | C. Glienke | JF261439 | JF261481 | JF343621 | JF343728 | |
| LGMF358 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261449 | JF261491 | JF343631 | JF343738 | |
| LGMF366 | Mangifera indica (Anacardiaceae), leaf endophyte | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261438 | JF261480 | JF343620 | JF343727 | |
| VIC30428 | Cymbidium sp. (Orchidaceae), leaf blight | Brazil: MG | M. Silva & O.L. Pereira | JF261455 | JF261497 | JF343637 | JF343743 | |
| Phyllosticta citriasiana | CBS 120486; PD 05/01969753 | Citrus maxima (Rutaceae) | Thailand | J. de Gruyter | FJ538360 | FJ538418 | FJ538476 | JF343686 |
| CBS 120487; PD 05/03081053 | Citrus maxima (Rutaceae) | China | K. Rosendahl-Peters | FJ538361 | FJ538419 | FJ538477 | JF343687 | |
| CBS 123370; PD 08/04453736 | Citrus maxima (Rutaceae) | Vietnam | J. de Gruyter | FJ538355 | FJ538413 | FJ538471 | JF343689 | |
| CBS 123371; PD 08/04454173 | Citrus maxima (Rutaceae) | Vietnam | J. de Gruyter | FJ538356 | FJ538414 | FJ538472 | JF343690 | |
| CBS 123393; PD 08/04453728 | Citrus maxima (Rutaceae) | Vietnam | J. de Gruyter | FJ538358 | FJ538416 | FJ538474 | JF343688 | |
| Phyllosticta citribraziliensis | CBS 100098 | Citrus sp. (Rutaceae), healthy leaves | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | FJ538352 | FJ538410 | FJ538468 | JF343691 |
| LGMF08 | Citrus sp. (Rutaceae), healthy leaves | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261435 | JF261477 | JF343617 | JF343692 | |
| LGMF09 | Citrus sp. (Rutaceae), healthy leaves | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261436 | JF261478 | JF343618 | JF343693 | |
| Phyllosticta citricarpa | 29 | Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), black spot on fruit | South Africa | G.C. Carroll | JF261433 | JF261475 | JF343615 | JF343683 |
| 71 | Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), black spot on fruit | South Africa | G.C. Schutte | JF261432 | JF261474 | JF343614 | JF343682 | |
| CBS 102373 | Citrus aurantium (Rutaceae), black spot on fruit | Brazil | – | FJ538312 | FJ538370 | FJ538428 | JF343678 | |
| CBS 102374 | Citrus aurantium (Rutaceae), black spot on fruit | Brazil | – | FJ538313 | FJ538371 | FJ538429 | JF343679 | |
| CBS 111.20 | – | – | – | FJ538314 | FJ538372 | FJ538430 | JF343681 | |
| CBS 120489 | Citrus limon (Rutaceae) | Brazil | J. de Gruyter | FJ538315 | FJ538373 | FJ538431 | JF343685 | |
| CBS 122384 | Citrus limon (Rutaceae) | South Africa | M. Truter | FJ538316 | FJ538374 | FJ538432 | JF343680 | |
| CBS 122482 | Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), lesions on fruit | Zimbabwe | L. Huisman | FJ538317 | FJ538375 | FJ538433 | JF343677 | |
| CBS 127451; CPC 18173 | Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae) | Australia | S.L. Willingham | JF343580 | JF343601 | JF343664 | JF343768 | |
| CBS 127452; CPC 18174 | Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae) | Australia | S.L. Willingham | JF343581 | JF343602 | JF343665 | JF343769 | |
| CBS 127453; CPC 18175 | Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae) | Australia | S.L. Willingham | JF343582 | JF343603 | JF343666 | JF343770 | |
| CBS 127454; CPC 18176 | Citrus limon (Rutaceae) | Australia | S.L. Willingham | JF343583 | JF343604 | JF343667 | JF343771 | |
| CBS 127455; CPC 18177 | Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae) | Australia | S.L. Willingham | JF343584 | JF343605 | JF343668 | JF343772 | |
| Guig1 | Citrus maxima (Rutaceae), black spot on fruit | Brazil: SP | A. de Goes | JF261429 | JF261471 | JF343611 | JF343674 | |
| LGMF06 | Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), black spot on fruit | Brazil: SP | A. de Goes | JF261431 | JF261473 | JF343613 | JF343676 | |
| LGMF20 | Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), black spot on fruit | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261430 | JF261472 | JF343612 | JF343675 | |
| LGMF25 | Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), black spot on fruit | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261428 | JF261470 | JF343610 | JF343673 | |
| LGMF27 | Citrus sinensis (Rutaceae), black spot on fruit | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261427 | JF261469 | JF343609 | JF343672 | |
| LGMF45 | Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae), black spot on fruit | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261426 | JF261468 | JF343608 | JF343671 | |
| LGMF63 | Citrus reticulata (Rutaceae), black spot on fruit | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261425 | JF261467 | JF343607 | JF343670 | |
| LGMF247 | Citrus limonia (Rutaceae), on leaves | Brazil: PR | C. Glienke | JF261434 | JF261476 | JF343616 | JF343684 | |
| Phyllosticta cussonia | CPC 14873 | Cussonia sp. | South Africa | P.W. Crous | JF343578 | JF343599 | JF343662 | JF343764 |
| CPC 14875 | Cussonia sp. | South Africa | P.W. Crous | JF343579 | JF343600 | JF343663 | JF343765 | |
| Phyllosticta hypoglossi | CBS 101.72; IFO 32916 | Ruscus aculeatus (Ruscaceae), living leaves | Italy | W. Gams | FJ538365 | FJ538423 | FJ538481 | JF343694 |
| CBS 167.85 | Ruscus hypoglosum (Ruscaceae) | Italy | W. Gams | FJ538366 | FJ538424 | FJ538482 | JF343696 | |
| CBS 434.92 | Ruscus aculeatus (Ruscaceae), dead cladodes | Italy | W. Gams | FJ538367 | FJ538425 | FJ538483 | JF343695 | |
| Phyllosticta owaniana | CBS 776.97 | Brabejum stellatifolium (Proteaceae), leaf spot | South Africa | A. den Breeÿen | FJ538368 | FJ538426 | FJ538484 | JF343767 |
| CPC 14901 | Brabeijum stellatifolium (Proteaceae), leaf spot | South Africa | P.W. Crous | JF261462 | JF261504 | JF343644 | JF343766 | |
| Phyllosticta spinarum | CBS 292.90 | Chamaecyparis pisifera (Cupressaceae) | France | M. Morelet | JF343585 | JF343606 | JF343669 | JF343773 |
| CBS 937.70 | Hedera helix (Araliaceae), leaf litter | Italy | W. Gams | FJ538350 | FJ538408 | FJ538466 | JF411745 | |
1 ATCC: American Type Culture Collection, Virginia, USA; CBS: CBS Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands; CMU: Microbiology Section, Chiang Mai University (MSCMU), Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chang Mai University, Thailand; CPC: Culture collection of P.W. Crous, housed at CBS; IFO: Institute for Fermentation, Osaka, Japan; IMI: International Mycological Institute, CABI-Bioscience, Egham, Bakeham Lane, U.K.; LGMF: Culture collection of Laboratory of Genetics of Microorganisms, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil; PD: Plant Protection Service, Wageningen, The Netherlands; VIC: Culture collection of Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Brazil.
2 Abbreviations used with Brazil: MG: State of Minas Gerais; PR: State of Paraná; SP: State of São Paulo.
3 ITS: Internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 together with 5.8S nrDNA; TEF1: partial translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene; ACT: partial actin gene; GPDH: partial glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene.