Table 5.

Predicted Proportional Change in Logged Total Mortality Ratio from 2000 to 2020, by Nation and Cigarette Diffusion Measure ^a

Nation	Cigarette Diffusion Measure	Ages 0–34		Ages 35–69		Ages 70+		All Ages
		Fixed Effects		Fixed Effects		Fixed Effects		Fixed Effects
		No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes	No	Yes
Spain	3.3	.088	.078	−.120	−.134	−.207	−.141	−.018	−.045
Portugal	3.4	.088	.083	−.046	−.004	−.065	.036	.026	.053
Greece	3.4	.088	.099	−.261	−.432	−.301	−.621	−.116	−.230
Japan	3.6	.088	.104	−.096	−.136	−.248	−.149	−.022	−.051
Switz.	3.7	.088	.082	.067	.008	−.165	−.053	.093	.038
Italy	3.8	.088	.083	−.050	−.084	−.188	−.070	.025	.005
Germany	3.8	.088	.089	.026	−.021	−.189	−.057	.069	.028
Belgium	3.9	.088	.087	−.132	−.240	−.274	−.260	−.014	−.094
Australia	4.1	.088	.087	.076	.017	−.180	−.020	.112	.057
France	4.2	.088	.081	.052	−.006	−.171	−.054	.079	.026
NZ	4.2	.088	.088	.191	.193	−.082	.084	.187	.152
Austria	4.3	.088	.079	.000	−.032	−.195	−.050	.054	.026
Nether.	4.3	.088	.117	.139	−.021	−.148	−.166	.144	.008
Sweden	4.3	.088	.096	.077	.041	.097	.010	.106	.073
Denmark	4.6	.088	.086	.048	.028	−.150	−.023	.081	.058
Canada	4.6	.088	.088	.166	.106	−.152	.018	.171	.101
Finland	4.8	.088	.074	−.006	−.092	−.127	−.034	.071	.000
Ireland	4.9	.088	.100	.142	.084	−.128	.054	.150	.103
Norway	5.4	.088	.084	.008	−.008	−.154	−.038	.060	.039
US	5.4	.088	.086	.164	.121	−.138	.053	.164	.110
UK	6.1	.088	.100	.236	.161	−.077	.081	.204	.140
r with
Diffusion	1.000	.000	.104	.682	.590	.499	.507	.686	.596

^aBased on assumed falling rate of increase (or decrease at ages 70+)