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Paracellular permeability was characterized by determining 332 Da fluorescein or 4 kDa FITC-dextran (FD-4) fluxes through ( A ) C. concisus-infected 48 h p.i. or ( B ) 48 h camptothecin-treated HT-29/B6 monolayers in Ussing chamber experiments (Student's t-test with *P<0.05, **P<0.01;***P<0.001; each n = 4). Infection with pooled C. concisus strains (oral & fecal) vs. untreated control monolayers were performed.
