FIG. 1.

Schematic diagram of the protocol used for production of red blood cells from hESCs/hIPSCs. To induce hematopoietic differentiation, hESC/hiPSCs were cocultured with OP9 for 7–8 days. Two methods were used to produce red blood cells from differentiated PSCs. In Method A, CD34⁺ or CD31⁺ hematopoietic progenitors were isolated from differentiated PSCs and expanded/differentiated into red blood cells in low adherent conditions. In Method B, erythroid progenitors were selectively expanded from bulk cultures and maintained on MS5 feeders. Red blood cells were induced to mature in coculture with MS5 without cytokines. hESC, human embryonic stem cell; hiPSC, human induced pluripotent stem cell; SCF, stem cell factor; EPO, erythropoietin; TPO, thrombopoietin; IL, interleukin. Color images available online at www.liebertonline.com/scd