Table 2.
Variables related to chronic pelvic pain (univariate analysis).
| Control | CPP | p | |
| Number of subjects | 1,131 | 147 | --- |
| Stable marital status % (n) | 44.6 (499/1,120) | 56.9 (82/144) | 0.01* |
| Single % (n) | 35.5 (398/1120) | 27.1 (39/144) | 0.05 |
| Separated % (n) | 19.9 (223/1120) | 16.0 (23/144) | 0.31 |
| Married % (n) | 44.6 (499/1120) | 56.9 (82/144) | <0.01* |
| Occupation (paid work) % (n) | 43.3 (490/1,131) | 48.3 (71/147) | 0.29 |
| Per capita income <R$450.00¥ % (n) | 43.6 (491/1,126) | 54.8 (80/146) | 0.01* |
| Low educational level | 27.0 (302/1,118) | 37.1(53/143) | 0.01* |
| Sedentary lifestyle§ % (n) | 56.7 (642/1,131) | 68.0 (100/147) | 0.01* |
| Prior sexual intercourse % (n) | 91.4 (1,002/1,096) | 97.8 (135/138) | 0.01* |
| Current sexual activity % (n) | 60.1 (602/1,002) | 76.3 (103/135) | <0.01* |
| Contraception % (n) | 47.1 (533/1,131) | 49.0 (72/147) | 0.73 |
| Sexual appetite % (n) | 49.2 (557/1,131) | 43.5 (64/147) | 0.22 |
| Vaginal lubrication % (n) | 34.2 (387/1,131) | 35.4 (52/147) | 0.78 |
| Orgasm % (n) | 54.4 (514/1,131) | 47.6 (70/147) | 0.66 |
| Victim of violence % (n) | 1.6 (18/1,131) | 2.7 (4/147) | 0.31 |
| Alcoholism % (n) | 5.2 (59/1,131) | 5.4 (8/147) | 0.85 |
| Smoking % (n) | 4.7 (53/1,131) | 8.8 (13/147) | 0.04* |
| Coffee intake % (n) | 9.3 (105/1,131) | 17.7 (26/147) | <0.01* |
| Illicit drugs % (n) | 1.9 (21/1,131) | 3.4 (5/147) | 0.21 |
| Depression % (n) | 16.9 (191/1,131) | 46.9 (69/147) | <0.01* |
| Anxiety % (n) | 15.1 (171/1,131) | 30.6 (45/147) | <0.01* |
| Migraine % (n) | 18.0 (204/1,131) | 31.3 (46/147) | <0.01* |
| Low back pain % (n) | 15.3 (173/1,131) | 29.2 (43/147) | <0.01* |
| Episiotomy % (n) | 28.7 (325/1,131) | 38.8 (57/147) | 0.02* |
| Forceps delivery % (n) | 5.6 (63/1,131) | 10.9 (16/147) | 0.03* |
| Abortion % (n) | 16.4 (186/1,131) | 27.9 (41/147) | <0.01* |
| >2 Abortions % (n) | 5.6 (63/1,131) | 14.3 (21/147) | <0.01 |
| Abdominal surgery % (n) | 37.0 (418/1,131) | 66.0 (97/147) | <0.01* |
| >2 Abdominal surgeries % (n) | 20.8 (235/1,131) | 37.4 (55/147) | <0.01 |
| Longitudinal incision % (n) | 7.6 (86/1,131) | 17.0 (25/147) | <0.01 |
| Transverse incision % (n) | 24.8 (281/1,131) | 47.6 (70/147) | <0.01 |
| Oblique incision % (n) | 7.1 (80/1,131) | 10.2 (15/147) | 0.18 |
| Umbilical incision/laparoscopic % (n) | 1.6 (18/1,131) | 2.7 (4/147) | 0.31 |
| Cesarean section % (n) | 23.1 (261/1,131) | 43.5 (64/147) | <0.01 |
| >2 Cesarean sections % (n) | 13.8 (156/1,131) | 23.8 (35/147) | <0.01 |
| Perineal surgery # % (n) | 5.2 (59/1,131) | 6.1 (9/147) | 0.70 |
| Dysmenorrhea % (n) | 21.5 (160/743) | 38.8 (38/98) | <0.01* |
| Dyspareunia % (n) | 2.8 (17/602) | 19.4 (20/103) | <0.01* |
| Constipation % (n) | 22.7 (249/1,099) | 34.0 (50/147) | <0.01* |
| Urinary symptom (bladder irritation) % (n) | 19.0 (211/1,108) | 39.0 (57/146) | <0.01* |
| Nocturia % (n) | 9.4 (106/1,131) | 19.0 (28/147) | <0.01* |
#
not including episiotomy;
¥
minimum wage in the country during the study (approximately USD $ 276.07);
§
<300 minutes of physical activity per week.