Table 3.
Multiple adjusted HRs of type 2 diabetes associated with a two-point increment in the rMED in population subgroups
| Number of cases/number of subcohort* | HR† | 95% CI | P for interaction‡ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | 0.144 | |||
| Male | 5,946/5,597 | 0.96 | 0.93–1.00 | |
| Female | 5,670/9,452 | 0.95 | 0.91–0.98 | |
| Age (years) | 0.019 | |||
| <50 | 2,637/5,681 | 1.00 | 0.94–1.06 | |
| 50–59 | 5,604/6,119 | 0.95 | 0.91–0.98 | |
| ≥60 | 3,753/3,249 | 0.96 | 0.92–1.00 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.088 | |||
| <25 | 1,666/6,936 | 0.92 | 0.88–0.97 | |
| 25–29 | 5,266/5,987 | 0.95 | 0.92–0.98 | |
| ≥30 | 5,062/2,126 | 0.99 | 0.95–1.03 | |
| Smoking status | 0.393 | |||
| Never | 4,882/7,038 | 0.95 | 0.92–0.99 | |
| Former | 3,716/4,038 | 0.97 | 0.92–1.01 | |
| Current | 3,295/3,827 | 0.96 | 0.92–1.01 | |
| History of diabetes in a first-degree relative§ | 0.527 | |||
| No | 3,441/5,474 | 0.92 | 0.88–0.96 | |
| Yes | 1,935/1,138 | 0.96 | 0.90–1.04 |
*Numbers in the subcohort exclude type 2 diabetic case subjects.
†Modified Cox proportional hazards regression models stratified by center and adjusted for sex, BMI (as a continuous variable), educational level (no formal education, primary school, technical/professional school, secondary school, and longer education including university degree), physical activity (inactive, moderately inactive, moderately active, and active), smoking status (never, former, and three categories of current smoker: 1–10 cigarettes day−1, 11–20 cigarettes day−1, and >20 cigarettes day−1), and total calorie intake (as a continuous variable).
‡Heterogeneity among subgroups was tested by adding an interaction term in the model between these variables and rMED.
§Family history of diabetes was not ascertained in the centers in Italy, Spain, Germany, and Oxford.