Table 2.
Characteristics of 169 Study Participants
| Variable | Caregivers(n=115) | Non-caregivers(n=54) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Female gender (%) | 69.6 | 66.7 | 0.705 |
|
| |||
| Age (years) | 73.8±8.2 | 74.4±6.3 | 0.977 |
|
| |||
| Education (years) | 15.2±3.1 | 15.7±3.2 | 0.142 |
|
| |||
| Total physical activity (score) | 5.14±2.97 | 6.33±2.66 | 0.008 |
| Light activity (score) | 2.97±1.40 | 3.39±1.14 | 0.069 |
| Moderate activity (score) | 1.62±1.53 | 2.19±1.30 | 0.014 |
| Strenuous activity (score) | 0.55±1.10 | 0.76±1.21 | 0.158 |
|
| |||
| Ever smoker (%) | 46.1 | 37.0 | 0.268 |
|
| |||
| Alcohol consumption (score) | 5.62±5.83 | 5.91±6.17 | 0.712 |
|
| |||
| Number of health problems | 3.40±1.86 | 2.78±1.57 | 0.029 |
|
| |||
| Any cholesterol-lowering medications (%) | 47.0 | 42.6 | 0.595 |
|
| |||
| Negative affect (score) | 17.8±6.1 | 13.6±5.3 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Role overload (score) | 5.17±3.20 | 1.44±1.99 | <0.001 |
|
| |||
| Fasting state (%) | 14.8 | 20.4 | 0.362 |
|
| |||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.6±4.9 | 26.3±6.2 | 0.264 |
|
| |||
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 120.2±67.9 | 104.7±53.6 | 0.262 |
|
| |||
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dl) | 51.9±16.0 | 53.5±16.0 | 0.564 |
|
| |||
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 134.8±15.4 | 132.4±14.2 | 0.309 |
|
| |||
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 75.9±8.7 | 73.2±10.4 | 0.102 |
|
| |||
| Any blood pressure lowering medications (%) | 60.1 | 55.6 | 0.512 |
|
| |||
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 105.0±44.4 | 94.2±20.1 | 0.293 |
|
| |||
| History of diabetes (%) | 12.2 | 3.7 | 0.096 |
|
| |||
| Standardized cardiometabolic risk score (primary outcome) | 0.27±2.99 | −0.57±2.99 | 0.059 |
|
| |||
| Number of cardiometabolic risk factors (secondary outcome) | 1.74±1.12 | 1.31±1.02 | 0.017 |
| Obesity (%) | 22.6 | 16.7 | 0.374 |
| Elevated triglycerides (%) | 15.7 | 3.7 | 0.038 |
| Reduced high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (%) | 39.1 | 33.3 | 0.467 |
| Elevated blood pressure (%) | 77.4 | 70.4 | 0.325 |
| Elevated blood glucose (%) | 19.1 | 7.4 | 0.066 |
|
| |||
| Metabolic Syndrome (%) | 22.6 | 13.0 | 0.140 |
Values are given as means±SD or percentages