Table 1.

Parameters and characteristic scales.

Parameter/ Scale	Description	Values
ℒ	length scale	~1×10−4m (100 µm), mouse sperm [20]
𝒯	time scale	0.1 s (beat frequency of hyperactivated mouse sperm ~10 Hz [67, 68])
𝒱	velocity scale (wavespeed)	ℒ · 10 Hz = 1×10−3m s−1 (1000 µm s−1)
μ	viscosity	for water 1 × 10−3 kg m−1 s−1
ℱ	force scale	μ · 𝒱 · ℒ = 1 × 10−10 N
𝒫	pressure scale	(μ𝒱)/ℒ=0.01 Pascals, kg m−1 s−2
𝒞	concentration scale	1 µM
PeC	Ca2+ Peclet number	(ℒ𝒱)/DCa ~ 5000
PeI	IP3 Peclet number	(ℒ𝒱)/DI ~ 333