Table 5.

Comparison of simulated bias, standard error (SE) and coverage probability (CP) between joint and separate analyses (sample size = 140)

Parameter	True	Joint			Separate
		Bias	SE	CP	Bias	SE	CP
Longitudinal
Fixed effects
β0	66.33	0.004	0.765	0.975	0.459	0.768	0.925
β1	0.89	−0.002	0.051	0.955	0.002	0.051	0.940
β2	−1.85	−0.028	0.597	0.925	−0.030	0.592	0.940
β3	−0.98	−0.049	1.031	0.955	0.210	1.019	0.960
β4	−0.12	−0.002	0.099	0.935	0.082	0.096	0.815
β5	0.27	−0.111	0.278	0.900	−0.299	0.239	0.775
β6	0.14	−0.002	0.073	0.950	−0.003	0.072	0.935
β7	1.74	0.026	0.839	0.945	0.032	0.832	0.935
β8	0.26	−0.006	0.130	0.940	−0.036	0.127	0.945
β9	−0.72	0.040	0.337	0.935	0.101	0.327	0.920
Random effects
σ2	21.55	0.049	1.357	0.935	0.041	1.310	0.940
ΣU11	0.27	−0.001	0.038	0.965	−0.022	0.035	0.855
ΣU12	−0.31	0.060	0.095	0.860	0.066	0.083	0.860
ΣU22	1.29	−0.284	0.401	0.790	0.235	0.345	0.790
Competing risks
Fixed effects
γ11	−0.06	−0.004	0.030	0.950	0.005	0.025	0.940
γ12	0.22	0.077	0.320	0.925	0.017	0.270	0.930
γ13	0.23	0.011	0.518	0.920	0.038	0.448	0.935
γ14	0.10	0.005	0.042	0.950	−0.010	0.031	0.965
γ15	0.13	0.063	0.434	0.920	−0.064	0.345	0.955
γ21	0.02	−0.009	0.041	0.945	−0.008	0.029	0.945
γ22	0.29	0.055	0.473	0.925	−0.061	0.356	0.925
γ23	−1.33	−0.052	1.107	0.925	−0.098	1.049	0.915
γ24	−0.07	0.003	0.075	0.960	0.010	0.059	0.995
γ25	−0.58	−0.010	0.891	0.940	0.095	0.805	0.965
Random effects
ν2	3.04	−0.456	1.043	0.925	−0.414	3.212	1.000
${\sigma }_v^2$	0.38	0.076	0.728	0.995	−0.333	0.058	0.285
Joint covariances
ΣU1υ	−0.25	−0.100	0.128	0.970	–	–	–
ΣU2υ	0.60	−0.022	0.418	0.945	–	–	–

The bold numbers represent relatively large biases