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Transcellular flux of antimuscarinic agents in MDCK-MDR1 cells. Fluxes of compounds across MDCK-MDR1 cell monolayers were measured in apical to basolateral (A→B) and basolateral to apical (B→A) directions. The ratio of A→B/B→A fluxes (efflux ratio) is shown under each compound. Incubations were performed in triplicate and error bars represent SDs. A→B flux (
); B→A (
)
