Table 2.
Contrasts between SAD, S-SAD and non-seasonals irrespective of DSPS or control status
| SAD (n=29) | S-SAD (n=44) | Non-seasonals (n=585) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (male/female) | 5/24 | 13/31 | 182/403 | X2=2.53 | p=0.28 |
| Age (yrs) | 41.59±12.86 | 35.75±10.38 | 37.81±11.98 | F(2,655)=2.11 | p=0.12 |
| Horne-Östberg score | 33.86±13.31a | 34.82±14.81 | 41.34±17.61a | F(2,655)=5.20 | p=0.006 |
| BALM | 22.55±8.68a | 24.18±10.43b | 28.70±12.17a,b | F(2,655)=6.26 | p=0.002 |
| QIDS-SR | 9.55±5.00 a | 7.68±4.72 b | 4.26±3.34 a,b | F(2,655)=47.50 | p<0.001 |
| MDQ | 6.52±4.08a | 5.07±3.85b | 3.24±3.59a,b | F(2,655)=15.63 | p<0.001 |
| SPAQ | |||||
| Global Seasonality Score | 15.79±3.31a,c | 11.41±0.47b,c | 4.09±3.62a,b | F(2,655)=227.79 | p<0.001 |
| Sleep length seaonality | 2.52±1.02 a,c | 1.61±0.99 b,c | 0.58±0.86 a,b | F(2,655)=90.89 | p<0.001 |
| Social activity seasonality | 2.76±0.99 a | 2.30±0.77 b | 0.86±0.98 a,b | F(2,655)=93.97 | p<0.001 |
| Mood seasonality | 3.10±0.67 a,c | 2.48±0.66 b,c | 0.82±0.94 a,b | F(2,655)=146.75 | p<0.001 |
| Weight seasonality | 2.21±0.90 a,c | 1.43±1.04 b,c | 0.52±0.72 a,b | F(2,655)=93.45 | p<0.001 |
| Appetite seasonality | 2.21±0.94 a,c | 1.39±0.89 b,c | 0.44±0.91 a,b | F(2,655)=70.76 | p<0.001 |
| Energy level seasonality | 3.00±0.76 a,c | 2.20±0.67 b,c | 0.82±0.90 a,b | F(2,655)=127.06 | p<0.001 |
| Problem Severity of Seasonality | 2.93±1.16 a,c | 0.84±0.96 b,c | 0.30±0.69 a,b | F(2,655)=181.48 | p<0.001 |
| Seasonal weight fluctuation* | 3.21±1.24a,c | 2.41±1.30 b,c | 1.98±1.04 a,b | F(2,655)=20.62 | p<0.001 |
| Sleep duration-winter (hrs) | 9.07±2.24 a | 8.30±1.86 | 7.99±1.61 a | F(2,652)=6.32 | p=0.002 |
| Sleep duration-spring (hrs) | 7.76±1.38 | 7.50±1.64 | 7.55±1.48 | F(2,652)=0.31 | p=0.74 |
| Sleep duration-summer (hrs) | 6.83±1.37 | 6.98±1.66 | 7.50±1.51 | F(2,652)=4.90 | p=0.008 |
| Sleep duration-fall (hrs) | 8.00±1.46 | 7.59±1.62 | 7.70±1.47 | F(2,652)=0.71 | p=0.49 |
| Sleep duration difference (winter – summer) (hrs) | 2.24±1.86 a,c | 1.32±1.39 b,c | 0.49±1.09 a,b | F(2,652)=40.42 | p<0.001 |
| Food preference change (yes/no) | 20/9 | 22/22 | 206/379 | X2=16.45 | p<0.001 |
SAD, seasonal affective disorder; S-SAD, subsyndromal SAD; SPAQ, Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire; BALM, Basic Language Morningness Scale; QIDS-SR, Quick Inventory of Depression Symptomatology-Self Report; MDQ, Mood Disorders Questionnaire
*
1, 0–3 lbs; 2, 4–7 lbs; 3, 8–11 lbs; 4, 12–15 lbs; 5, 16–20 lbs; 6, Over 20 lbs
a,b,c
means significantly different 2 × 2 according to Bonferroni post hoc tests