Table 4.
Multivariate logistic regression showing risk factors for preterm birth in HAART-exposed women irrespective of infant HIV status
| Variable | Preterm Birth (<37 weeks) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Early HAART | Late HAART | |||||
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis (n = 455) | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis (n = 477) | |||
| OR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | P | OR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | P | |
| HAART-unexposed | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| HAART-exposed | ||||||
| PI-based | 3.39 (1.38-8.36) | 3.00 (1.07-8.38) | 0.036 | 0.64 (0.23-1.76) | 0.70 (0.23-2.13) | 0.53 |
| NVP-based | 6.30 (2.72-13.56) | 5.41 (2.14-13.70) | <0.001 | 2.10 (0.79-5.59) | 1.88 (0.61-5.80) | 0.27 |
| EFV-based | 6.40 (2.60-15.65) | 5.64 (2.09-15.16) | 0.001 | 1.00 (0.12-8.56) | 1.47 (0.15-14.10) | 0.74 |
| CD4 cell count | ||||||
| per category increase* | 0.69 (0.58-0.83) | 0.68 (0.55-0.85) | 0.001 | 0.78 (0.57-1.07) | 0.80 (0.55-1.15) | 0.22 |
| Maternal age | ||||||
| 16-24 years | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 25-29 years | 0.90 (0.42-1.89) | 0.91 (0.37-2.21) | 0.83 | 5.35 (1.2-23.75) | 9.17 (1.17-72.0) | 0.035 |
| 30-34 years | 1.12 (0.54-2.33) | 1.08 (0.45-2.57) | 0.86 | 2.22 (0.46-10.66) | 3.46 (0.41-29.45) | 0.26 |
| ≥35 years | 2.12 (0.98-4.57) | 2.09 (0.83-5.25) | 0.12 | 1.13 (0.16-8.18) | 1.91 (0.17-21.66) | 0.60 |
| Hypertension | ||||||
| no | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| yes | 1.83 (0.88-3.80) | 1.95 (0.87-4.36) | 0.11 | 0.96 (0.22-4.26) | 0.84 (0.18-3.90) | 0.83 |
HAART - highly active antiretroviral treatment; early HAART - HAART initiation <28 weeks of pregnancy; late HAART - HAART initiation at ≥28 weeks of pregnancy; PI - protease inhibitor, NVP - nevirapine; EFV - efavirenz;; OR - odds ratio; AOR - adjusted odds ratio; CI (95%) - 95% confidence interval
*CD4 categories: (cells/mm3): 0-49 (baseline category), 50-99, 100-149, 150-199 and 200-250