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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Sep 2.
Published in final edited form as: J Biomech. 2011 Jul 28;44(13):2345–2350. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.07.013

Table 3.

Crack density (Cr.Dn) and crack length density (Cr.Ln.Dn) with paired comparisons between cracks that involved the stem and those that did not.

All cracks Stem Not Stem p (stem=not stem)


Cr.Dn (#/mm2) 0.56 ± 0.34 0.11 ± 0.14 0.45 ± 0.21 < 0.0001
Cr.Ln.Dn (mm/mm2) 0.093 ± 0.058 0.030 ± 0.034 0.063 ± 0.029 0.0005