Table 5.
Gastric cancer-preventive behaviors
| Controls (n = 2842) | Non-gastric cancer relatives (n = 454) | Gastric cancer relatives (n = 261) | ||||
| Crude | Adjusted | Crude | Adjusted | Crude | Adjusted | |
| Na (mg) | ||||||
| Mean intake (SE)2 | 5582 (66) | 5602 (64) | 5574 (166) | 5522 (162) | 5516 (213) | 5483 (212) |
| P value | 0.86 | 0.99 | 0.76 | 0.50 | ||
| High sodium intake (> 2000 mg) | ||||||
| Rate, n (%)2 | 2625 (92.4) | 93.8 | 429 (94.5) | 94.9 | 247 (94.6) | 95.1 |
| Odds ratio1 | 1 (referent) | 1 (referent) | 1.67 (1.04, 2.67)a | 1.56 (0.95, 2.57) | 1.34 (0.71, 2.54) | 1.17 (0.61, 2.26) |
| Vitamin C (mg) | ||||||
| Mean intake (SE)2 | 98.5 (1.6) | 100.0 (1.6) | 114.1 (4.9) | 109.7 (4.1) | 110.0 (6.2) | 107.2 (5.4) |
| P value | 0.03a | 0.15 | 0.07 | 0.19 | ||
| Low vitamin C intake (< 60 mg) | ||||||
| Rate, n (%)2 | 922 (32.4) | 30.7 | 129 (28.4) | 30.5 | 78 (29.9) | 30.8 |
| Odds ratio1 | 1 (referent) | 1 (referent) | 0.79 (0.59, 1.06) | 0.91 (0.67, 1.23) | 0.79 (0.55, 1.13) | 0.89 (0.62, 1.28) |
| Dietary fiber (g) | ||||||
| Mean intake (SE)2 | 8.0 (0.1) | 8.0 (0.1) | 8.4 (0.2) | 8.3 (0.2) | 8.3 (0.3) | 8.3 (0.3) |
| P-value | 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.08 | 0.14 | ||
| Low fiber intake (< 20 g) | ||||||
| Rate, n (%)2 | 2447 (86.1) | 87 | 383 (84.4) | 86.9 | 225 (86.2) | 87.4 |
| Odds ratio1 | 1 (referent) | 1 (referent) | 0.86 (0.44, 1.66) | 0.86 (0.44, 1.68) | 1.17 (0.50, 2.72) | 1.20 (0.50, 2.85) |
| Current smoking status | ||||||
| Rate, n (%)2 | 602 (21.7) | 12.9 | 89 (20.5) | 13.2 | 58 (22.8) | 15.4 |
| Odds ratio1 | 1 (referent) | 1 (referent) | 0.95 (0.69, 1.29) | 1.04 (0.73, 1.47) | 1.10 (0.78, 1.55) | 1.18 (0.76, 1.83) |
a
P < 0.05.
1
Adjusted odds ratios were calculated via multiple logistic regression and adjusted for age, sex, education, marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, income, and self-reported health status;
2
Adjusted means and adjusted rates were calculated via analysis of covariance adjusted for age, sex, education, marital status, smoking, alcohol consumption, income, and self-reported health status.