Table 2. Adjusted* odds ratios (ORs) of 12-Month alcohol dependence by sociodemographic characteristics: current DSM-IV definition versus three hypothetical definitions.
| Characteristics | Current DSM-IV definition** (N=1,484) OR (95% C.I.) |
Diagnostic model 1: at-risk drinking is added as an eighth criterion; threshold for diagnosis remains three of eight (N=1978) OR (95% C.I.) |
Diagnostic model 2: at-risk drinking is a necessary condition for a diagnosis (N=916) OR (95% C.I.) |
Diagnostic model 3: abuse dependence criteria added together; at-risk drinking added as an criterion; threshold for diagnosis is three of twelve criteria (N=1,971) % (SE) |
Diagnostic model 4: abuse dependence criteria added together; at-risk drinking added as an criterion; threshold for diagnosis is five of twelve criteria (N=791) % (SE) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 2.5 (2.10-3.00) | 2.6 (2.29-2.92) | 3.3 (2.69-3.92) | 2.6 (2.29-2.92) | 3.0 (1.59-3.65) |
| Female | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Race-ethnicity | |||||
| White | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Black | 0.7 (0.54-0.95) | 0.7 (0.59-0.85) | 0.5 (0.41-0.73) | 0.7 (0.58-0.84) | 0.6 (0.47-0.85) |
| Native American | 1.6 (0.91-2.65) | 1.3 (0.89-1.96) | 1.9 (1.21-3.03) | 1.5 (1.05-2.11) | 2.3 (1.44-3.62) |
| Asian | 0.5 (0.30-0.75) | 0.5 (0.37-0.68) | 0.5 (0.29-0.74) | 0.5 (0.35-0.70) | 0.4 (0.22-0.69) |
| Hispanic | 0.7 (0.48-0.91) | 0.7 (0.57-0.85) | 0.5 (0.40-0.72) | 0.7 (0.59-0.90) | 0.6 (0.47-0.83) |
| Age | |||||
| 18-29 | 41.9 (20.66-85.04) | 34.9 (23.32-53.13) | 45.7 (24.08-86.72) | 40.9 (26.54-62.88) | 39.1 (19.86-76.91) |
| 30-44 | 22.1 (11.23-43.48) | 19.6 (13.24-28.92) | 23.8 (12.71-44.53) | 20.2 (13.35-30.57) | 18.7 (9.58-36.57) |
| 45-64 | 10.3 (5.19-20.40) | 9.3 (6.20-14.01) | 12.0 (6.44-22.33) | 9.3 (6.04-14.24) | 8.4 (4.32-16.31) |
| 65+ | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Marital Status | |||||
| Married/cohabiting | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Widowed/separated/divorced | 3.1 (2.30-4.07) | 2.7 (2.24-3.27) | 3.3 (2.59-4.32) | 2.9 (2.39-3.49) | 3.6 (2.75-4.83) |
| Never married | 2.1 (1.70-2.71) | 2.2 (1.86-2.52) | 2.3 (1.85-2.82) | 2.0 (1.75-2.36) | 2.2 (1.71-2.78) |
| Education | |||||
| Less than high school | 1.1 (0.85-1.47) | 1.1 (0.94-1.35) | 1.3 (1.03-1.72) | 1.1 (0.89-1.32) | 1.3 (1.03-1.63) |
| High school | 0.9 (0.76-1.15) | 1.0 (0.86-1.11) | 1.2 (0.97-1.42) | 0.9 (0.80-1.06) | 1.0 (0.84-1.25) |
| Some college or higher | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Personal Income | |||||
| $0-19,999 | 1.8 (1.13-2.82) | 1.8 (1.36-2.46) | 2.5 (1.51-3.98) | 1.6 (1.19-2.03) | 2.7 (1.65-4.36) |
| $20,000-34,999 | 1.5 (0.98-2.39) | 1.7 (1.27-2.31) | 2.2 (1.39-3.50) | 1.5 (1.17-2.00) | 2.2 (1.34-3.56) |
| $35,000-69,999 | 1.2 (0.76-1.92) | 1.3 (0.97-1.77) | 1.6 (0.97-2.71) | 1.3 (0.95-1.69) | 1.7 (1.01-2.70) |
| $70,000+ | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Urbanicity | |||||
| Urban | 0.9 (0.72-1.19) | 0.9 (0.79-1.09) | 0.9 (0.70-1.12) | 0.9 (0.74-1.03) | 0.85 (0.68-1.06) |
| Rural | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| Region | |||||
| Northeast | 0.8 (0.62-1.10) | 0.8 (0.70-1.00) | 0.9 (0.68-1.13) | 0.8 (0.69-1.01) | 0.7 (0.50-0.90) |
| Midwest | 1.0 (0.76-1.33) | 1.0 (0.86-1.27) | 1.0 (0.76-1.26) | 1.0 (0.84-1.27) | 1.0 (0.74-1.34) |
| South | 0.7 (0.52-0.89) | 0.7 (0.60-0.87) | 0.7 (0.56-0.91) | 0.7 (0.59-0.86) | 0.7 (0.52-0.86) |
| West | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
*
Models controlled for sex, race-ethnicity, age, marital status, education, personal income, urbanicity, and region