Table 4.
HPV prevalence in males participating in circumcision clinical trials
| Author | Area, subjects | Study design | HPV test | HPV prevalence for HR*, and LR** genotypes at enrollment and 24 month follow up in intervention§ and control§§ | HPV prevalence for any, HR* and LR** genotypes at baseline and 24-month follow-up | Risk Ratio (RR) and 95% CI† for any, HR*, LR** and multiple HPV infections at baseline and 24-month follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tobian et al., 2009 [58] | Rakai district, 307 men in intervention and 233 men in control group aged 15-49 years who had detectable beta-globulin or HPV. Preputal cavity sampled | Randomized controlled trial | Roche HPV linear array. HR-HPV genotypes 16, 18,31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59, 66, and 68 tested | At enrollment HR-HPV genotypesa Intervention group, 38.1% Control group, 37.1% At 24 months HR-HPV genotypesa Intervention group, 18.0% Control group, 27.9% |
Intervention Any HPV genotypeb Baseline, 61.9% At 24 months, 35.6% HR-HPV genotypesb Baseline, 38.1% At 24 months, 18.0% LR-HPV genotypesb Baseline, 47.6% At 24 months, 26.2% Control group Any HPV typesb Baseline, 62.6% At 24 months, 51.2% HR-HPV genotypesb Baseline, 37.1% At 24 months, 27.9% LR-HPV genotypesb Baseline, 48.0% At 24 months, 39.4% |
Any HPV genotypesb Baseline, 0.99 (0.81-1.21) At 24 months, 0.70 (0.53-0.91) HR-HPV genotypesb Baseline, 1.03 (0.79-1.33) At 24 months, 0.65 (0.45-0.94) LR-HPV genotypesb Baseline, 0.99 (0.79-1.25) At 24 months, 0.66 (0.49-0.91) |
| Serwadda et al., 2010 [59] | Rakai district, uncircumcised HIV positive men aged 15-49 years; 103 men in intervention group and 107 men in control group | Randomized controlled trial | Roche HPV linear array | At enrollment HR-HPV genotypesa Intervention group, 72.2% Control group, 76.6% LR-HPV genotypesa Intervention group, 85.6% Control group, 83.0% At 24 months HR-HPV genotypesa Intervention; 55.3% Control group; 71.7% LR-HPV genotypesa Intervention group, 49.4% Control group, 77.4% |
At 24 months RR for HR-HPV geno types 0.77 (0.62-0.97) RR for multiple genotypes 0.53 (0.33-0.83) |
|
| Gray et al., 2010 [60] | Rakai district, uncircumcised HIV negative men aged 15-49 years; 441 randomized to immediate circumcision (intervention) and 399 delayed circumcision (control) | Randomized controlled trial | Roche HPV linear array |
At enrollment HR-HPV genotypesa Intervention arm, 39.1% Control arm, 38.6% |
HR* = High Risk
LR** = Low Risk
CI† = Confidence Intervals
a Denominator include all women tested
b Denominator include only HPV positive women
§ Intervention refers to circumcision arm of the study
§§ Control refers to non circumcision arm of the study