Table 3.
Model A all cases | Model B all cases | Model A w/o outliers | Model B w/o outliers | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Ln (age—15) | 0.953*** (0.000) | 0.781** (0.002) | 0.943*** (0.001) | 0.686* (0.036) |
Ln (65—age) | 1.970*** (0.000) | 1.956*** (0.000) | 1.934*** (0.001) | 2.040* (0.010) |
General health | 0.121** (0.001) | 0.107** (0.002) | 0.102** (0.006) | 0.119* (0.016) |
Education secondary versus primary | 0.071 (0.287) | 0.023 (0.732) | 0.031 (0.638) | 0.115 (0.079) |
Education tertiary versus primary | 0.271*** (0.000) | 0.152* (0.014) | 0.248*** (0.000) | 0.224*** (0.001) |
Working 15+ hours versus no work/school | 0.501*** (0.000) | 0.194*** (0.000) | 0.549*** (0.000) | 0.175*** (0.000) |
In school versus no versus no work/school | −0.672*** (0.000) | −0.604*** (0.000) | −0.614*** (0.000) | −0.673*** (0.000) |
Income linear | 0.242*** (0.000) | 0.243*** (0.000) | ||
Index (traditional—egalitarian) | 1.916 (0.177) | 2.075 (0.144) | 2.092 (0.262) | 2.039 (0.327) |
Index * ln (age—15) | −0.278 (0.058) | −0.314* (0.037) | −0.311 (0.110) | −0.217 (0.272) |
Index * ln (65—age) | −0.233 (0.442) | −0.262 (0.386) | −0.288 (0.471) | −0.309 (0.485) |
Index * health | −0.003 (0.914) | −0.004 (0.872) | −0.007 (0.718) | −0.005 (0.897) |
Index * secondary education | 0.079 (0.333) | 0.087 (0.285) | 0.086 (0.368) | 0.121* (0.041) |
Index * tertiary education | 0.119 (0.106) | 0.130 (0.079) | 0.139 (0.127) | 0.205*** (0.000) |
Index * working | −0.158** (0.001) | −0.122** (0.001) | −0.152*** (0.000) | −0.098* (0.043) |
Index * enrolled | 0.236** (0.001) | 0.210** (0.002) | 0.215** (0.004) | 0.288*** (0.000) |
Index * income | 0.002 (0.935) | −0.037** (0.008) | ||
Constant | −13.107*** (0.000) | −12.953*** (0.000) |
−12.853*** (0.000) |
−13.112*** (0.000) |
N | 77621 | 77621 | 68837 | 58354 |
Note: Controlled for country and year dummies. p-values corrected for clustering. Outliers for Model A are Denmark and Greece, for Model B these are Italy and the United Kingdom
* p < .05, ** p < .01, *** p < .001