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Transition structures for the C-C bond formation of the (S)-proline and (S)-pipecolic acid-catalyzed Mannich reaction between propionaldehyde and N-PMP-protected α-imino methyl gloxylate. S-trans-si transition structures TS-(S,S)-4 and TS-(S,S)-8 give rise to product 1a, while TS-(R,S)-6 and TS-(R,S)-10 gives rise to 2a.
