Table 4.
Lifetime prevalence of substance use and psychiatric disorders by group [N (%)]
| Disordersb | Group 1 2,382 (58.7) |
Group 2 405 (10.0) |
Group 3 290 (7.1) |
Group 4 296 (7.3) |
Group 5 688 (16.9) |
χ2(4) Test statistica |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Substance use disorders | ||||||
| Cocaine dependence | 1,850 (77.8) | 359 (88.6) | 238 (82.1) | 270 (91.2) | 576 (83.7) | 52.82 |
| Nicotine dependence | 1,375 (57.8) | 288 (71.1) | 218 (75.2) | 256 (86.5) | 545 (79.2) | 183.79 |
| Alcohol dependence | 1,027 (43.2) | 237 (58.5) | 148 (51.0) | 183 (62.0) | 338 (49.1) | 63.82 |
| Opioid dependence | 394 (16.6) | 171 (42.2) | 290 (100.0) | 295 (99.7) | 687 (99.9) | 2325.94 |
| Cannabis dependence | 580 (24.4) | 155 (38.6) | 83 (28.6) | 135 (46.2) | 214 (31.2) | 80.57 |
| Sedative dependence | 84 (3.5) | 33 (8.2) | 22 (7.6) | 34 (11.6) | 56 (8.2) | 229.80 |
| Stimulant dependence | 61 (2.6) | 22 (5.5) | 29 (10.0) | 70 (24.0) | 119 (17.4) | 47.69 |
| Other substance dependence c | 161 (6.8) | 74 (18.5) | 49 (17.0) | 139 (47.6) | 277 (40.6) | 479.21 |
|
| ||||||
| Psychiatric disorders | ||||||
| ASPD c | 258 (11.0) | 70 (18.0) | 29 (10.2) | 70 (24.9) | 114 (17.1) | 56.25 |
| MDE c | 352 (15.0) | 65 (16.5) | 57 (20.1) | 63 (22.3) | 140 (20.8) | 19.38 |
| PTSD c | 331 (14.0) | 57 (14.4) | 43 (15.0) | 77 (27.11) | 121 (17.9) | 34.00 |
| OCD c | 41 (1.7) | 11 (2.8) | 6 (2.1) | 17 (6.0) | 21 (3.1) | 20.00 |
| Social Phobia | 68 (2.9) | 16 (4.1) | 14 (4.9) | 20 (7.2) | 41 (6.4) | 21.95 |
| Agoraphobia | 114 (4.9) | 26 (6.6) | 23 (8.0) | 34 (12.0) | 50 (7.4) | 26.19 |
| Panic disorder | 101 (4.3) | 28 (7.1) | 27 (9.5) | 46 (16.2) | 78 (11.5) | 80.30 |
| Compulsive gambling | 199 (8.5) | 43 (10.9) | 30 (10.5) | 40 (14.0) | 69 (10.2) | 10.63 |
a
GEE Wald χ2 tests for all, except independent χ2 test for OD due to a numerical problem resulting from near-complete separation.
b
Disorders that differed significantly by group at p < 0.0015 (i.e., 0.05/33) are in bold.
c
Other substance dependence includes dependence on phencyclidine, hallucinogens, inhalants, solvents, or a combination of opioids and cocaine (i.e., “speedballs”).
ASPD: Antisocial Personality Disorder; MDE: Major Depressive Episode; PTSD: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder; OCD: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder.