Table 2. Localities and sizes of the 35 R. dumulosa populations sampled in this study.

Sampling Locality	Population ID	Longitude (E)	Latitude (N)	Altitude (m)	Population size
Wulingshan, Hebei province	WL	117.461°	40.577°	1939	29
Donglingshan (1), Beijing	DL1	115.454°	40.031°	2303	32
Donglingshan (2), Beijing	DL2	115.462°	40.031°	2202	32
Donglingshan (3), Beijing	DL3	115.471°	40.034°	2106	32
Donglingshan (4), Beijing	DL4	115.475°	40.033°	2018	31
Donglingshan (5), Beijing	DL5	115.451°	40.029°	2160	32
Baihuashan, Beijing	BH	115.582°	39.813°	2033	32
Xiaowutaishan (beitai 1), Hebei	XB1	115.061°	39.945°	2500	31
Xiaowutaishan (beitai 2), Hebei	XB2	115.047°	39.943°	2706	30
Xiaowutaishan (xitai), Hebei	XX	114.968°	39.912°	2480	29
Baishishan, Hebei	BS	114.698°	39.208°	1940	32
Wutaishan (dongtai), Shanxi	WD	111.662°	39.041°	2773	32
Wutaishan (zhongtai), Shanxi	WZH	113.531°	39.047°	2895	30
Wutaishan (xitai), Shanxi	WX	113.492°	39.037°	2783	29
Wutaishan (beitai 1), Shanxi	WB1	113.568°	39.080°	3066	32
Wutaishan (beitai 2), Shanxi	WB2	113.568°	39.080°	3066	28
Luyashan (1), Shanxi	LYS1	111.926°	38.750°	2701	32
Luyashan (2), Shanxi	LYS2	111.926°	38.744°	2580	30
Heyeping (1), Shanxi	HYP1	111.837°	38.722°	2709	32
Heyeping (2), Shanxi	HYP2	111.862°	38.729°	2596	32
Heyeping (3), Shanxi	HYP3	111.874°	38.729°	2504	32
Heyeping (4), Shanxi	HYP4	111.885°	38.730°	2435	32
Guandishan, Shanxi	GD	111.518°	37.895°	2557	32
Daqingshan, Inner Mongolia	DQ	111.259°	40.838°	2068	31
Shennongjia, Hubei	SNJ	110.258°	31.446°	2974	30
Taibaishan, Shaanxi	TB	107.806°	33.997°	3486	30
Houzhenzi, Shaanxi	HZZ	107.767°	33.950°	3350	31
Changqing, Shaanxi	CQ	107.600°	33.717°	2790	32
Helanshan (west), Ningxia	HL1	105.944°	38.838°	3428	30
Helanshan (north), Ningxia	HL2	105.944°	38.846°	2900	30
Maxianshan (west), Gansu	MXS1	103.950°	35.750°	3356	32
Maxianshan (east), Gansu	MXS2	103.950°	35.750°	3353	32
Lianhuashan, Gansu	LHS	103.750°	34.933°	2812	32
Ledu, Qinghai	LD	102.389°	36.655°	2543	32
Datong, Qinghai	DT	101.691°	36.930°	2666	32