Glycinergic disynaptic inhibition in the DCN. A, Schematic representation of simplified DCN circuit motif in which principal neurons integrate primary inputs with modulatory inputs. B, EPSC–IPSC sequence evoked in fusiform cells by PF stimulation. AMPA-type receptor antagonist (NBQX; 10 μm) blocked both inward (EPSC) and outward (IPSC) current, confirming the disynaptic origin of the IPSC. C, EPSC and IPSC amplitudes were plotted as a function of stimulus intensity. EPSC and IPSC have identical stimulus intensity thresholds. D1, Excitatory and inhibitory synaptic currents were separated by voltage clamping fusiform cells to the reversal for IPSC (−90 mV) and EPSC (5 mV), respectively. D2, The mean delay between the 10% rise time point of the EPSC and disynaptic IPSC was 2.0 ± 0.2 ms (n = 8). Stimulus artifacts have been blanked for clarity in all traces. All means are reported ± SEM.