Table 2.
Brain areas that showed significant activation and deactivation in combined data from 2nd and 3rd grade children related to arithmetic complexity, obtained by contrasting Complex and Simple problems (p < 0.01, with p < 0.01 FWE corrections for multiple comparisons).
| Region | # of Voxels | Peak Z-score | Peak MNI Coordinates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| x | y | z | |||
| Complex > Simple | |||||
| Brain Stem, Cerebellum | 1322 | 4.48 | 0 | -36 | -10 |
| Visual Cortex | 2934 | 3.97 | 26 | -94 | -6 |
| R Insula | 248 | 3.60 | 32 | 24 | 0 |
| SMA, Premotor Cortex | 632 | 3.25 | 0 | 16 | 52 |
| L Insula | 229 | 3.19 | -32 | 20 | 2 |
| Simple > Complex | |||||
| Dorsal Medial Prefrontal Cortex | 262 | 3.85 | -10 | 54 | 40 |
| Dorsal Medial Prefrontal Cortex | 923 | 3.83 | -6 | 62 | 8 |
| Lateral Occipital Cortex, Angular Gyrus | 367 | 3.62 | -58 | -68 | 8 |
| Temporal Pole | 153 | 3.40 | -50 | 8 | -20 |
| Posterior Cingulate Cortex | 392 | 3.18 | 8 | -48 | 32 |
SMA = Supplementary Motor Area,