Table 3.
Number, type and incidence of serious viral infections by time period: the peak incidence was during 31-60 days post-transplant, CMV was the most common infection, and lethal infections were limited to the first 120 days post-transplant.
| Time Period (N Patients at Risk) |
N Infections// N (%) Patients with One or More Infection |
Type | Severity |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Admit-30
(N=72) |
19 infections// 15/72 (21%) of patients. |
4 CMV: 2 viremia, 1 pneumonia*, 1 enteritis/ colitis*. |
2 severe, 1 life-threatening, 1 lethal**. |
| 10 HHV6: 9 viremia, 1 encephalitis. | 9 severe; 1 lethal**. | ||
| 4 BK hemorrhagic cystitis. | 4 severe. | ||
| 1 Adenovirus UTI. | 1 severe. | ||
|
31-60
(N=67) |
21 infections// 20/67 (30%) of patients. |
15 CMV: 12 viremia, 1 pneumonia*, 1 enteritis/ colitis*, 1 URI. |
13 severe, 1 life-threatening, 1 lethal**. |
| 1 HHV6 viremia. | 1 severe. | ||
| 4 BK hemorrhagic cystitis. | 4 severe. | ||
| 1 Adenovirus enteritis/ colitis*. | 1 lethal**. | ||
|
61-120
(N=65) |
10 infections// 10/65 (15%) of patients. |
4 CMV viremia. | 4 severe. |
| 1 Adenovirus enteritis/ colitis*. | 1 lethal**. | ||
| 1 RSV URI. | 1 severe. | ||
| 1 Influenza URI. | 1 severe. | ||
| 2 Herpes Zoster (single dermatome). | 2 severe. | ||
| 1 HSV mucositis. | 1 severe. | ||
|
121-180
(N=47) |
6 infections// 6/47 (13%) of patients. |
3 CMV viremia. | 3 severe. |
| 1 EBV viremia. | 1 severe. | ||
| 1 RSV pneumonia. | 1 life-threatening. | ||
| 1 Influenza URI. | 1 severe. | ||
|
180-1 year
(N=36) |
6 infections// 6/36 (17%) of patients. |
2 CMV viremia. | 2 severe. |
| 4 EBV: 3 viremia, 1 NHL. | 4 severe. | ||
Patients with pneumonia or gut disease also had viremia.
Five patients had lethal viral infections: 1 CMV pneumonia and 1 HHV6 encephalitis directly contributed to death whereas in 3 patients viral infections contributed to death (1 patient with early onset CMV infection who subsequently had graft failure and 2 with adenovirus whose primary cause of death was GVHD).
Abbreviations: CMV, cytomegalovirus; HHV6, human herpes virus 6; UTI, urinary tract infection; URI, upper respiratory tract infection; RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; HSV, herpes simplex virus; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; NHL, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma.