Fig. 3.

Regime-shift analysis of the temporal trends in the concentrations of NH₄⁺ (NH4_out; black squares) and NO₂⁻ (NO2_out; empty diamonds) in the outflow (A) and nitrate (NO3_out; black squares) in the outflow and the maximum N₂O in the rector extracted from O₂ sensor data (N2O_ind; empty diamonds) (B). Solid lines indicate statistically significant regimes determined using sequential regime-shift detection with the parameters probability equal to 0.001, cutoff length equal to 10, and Huber parameter equal to 1.