Pgd− and Pgd− Oat− L. monocytogenes strains induce increased inflammasome activation. (A) LDH release in wt, LysM−, ASC−, or NLRP3− Pam3CSK4-stimulated BMM. A total of 5 × 105 BMM were infected for 6 h at an MOI of 5. (B) IL-1β secretion detected by ELISA in wt, LysM−, ASC−, or NLRP3− Pam3CSK4-stimulated BMM at 6 h postinfection at an MOI of 5. Error bars represent standard deviations of the means. Statistical significance was evaluated compared to wt L. monocytogenes infection using Student's t test. Data are representative of more than 3 independent experiments with similar results. *, P < 0.01.