Table 1.
Bacteriophages, bacterial strains, and plasmids used in this work
| Bacteriophage/strain/plasmid | Genotype/relevant featurea | Source/reference(s) |
|---|---|---|
| Bacteriophages | ||
| φA1122 | Reference phage used by the CDC to identify Y. pestis | 30 |
| φYeO3-12 | Phage using Y. enterocolitica serotype O:3 O-PS as receptor | 2, 54, 55 |
| φR1-37 | Phage using Y. enterocolitica serotype O:3 OC as receptor | 39, 70 |
| Bacterial strains | ||
| Yersinia pestis | ||
| KIM D27 | Nonpigmented isolate of KIM10.Lcr+ Pgm− Pst+ | 31 |
| KIM D27-ΔwabD | ΔwabD::nptII Kanr | This work |
| KIM D27-ΔwaaL | ΔwaaL::nptII Kanr | This work |
| KIM D27-ΔwaaQ | ΔwaaQ::nptII Kanr | This work |
| KIM D27-ΔwaaE | ΔwaaE::nptII Kanr | This work |
| KIM D27-ΔwaaA | ΔwaaA::nptII Kanr | This work |
| KIM D27Nar | Nalr | 39 |
| EV76-c | 70-kb virulence plasmid-cured derivative of EV76 | 10, 60 |
| 231 | pFra+ pCD+ pPst+; bv. antiqua, subsp. pestis; wild type | 6 |
| KM260(11) | pFra+ pCD− (Lcr−) pPst−; derived from wild-type bv. antiqua subsp. pestis strain 231; avirulent | 41, 42 |
| KM260(11)pKD46 | KM260(11) harboring plasmid pKD46; Ampr | 5 |
| KM260(11)ΔwabC | ΔwabC::nptII; derived from strain KM260(11)pKD46; Kanr | 5 |
| KM260(11)ΔwabD | ΔwabD::nptII; derived from strain KM260(11)pKD46; Kanr | 5 |
| KM260(11)ΔwabC/waaD | ΔwabC ΔwabD::nptII; derived from strain KM260(11)pKD46; Kanr | This work |
| KM260(11)ΔwabC/waaL | ΔwabC::nptII ΔwaaL::cat; derived from strain KM260(11)ΔwabCpKD46; Kanr Clmr | This work |
| KM260(11)ΔwabD/waaL | ΔwabD::nptII ΔwaaL::cat; derived from strain KM260(11)ΔwabDpKD46; Kanr Clmr | This work |
| KM260(11)ΔwaaL | ΔwaaL::nptII; derived from the strain KM260(11)pKD46; Kanr | 5 |
| KM260(11)ΔwaaQ | ΔwaaQ::nptII; derived from the strain KM260(11)pKD46; Kanr | 5 |
| KM260(11)ΔwaaQ/waaL | ΔwaaQ ΔwaaL::nptII; derived from the strain KM260(11)pKD46; Kanr | This work |
| KM260(11)ΔwaaE | ΔwaaE::nptII; derived from the strain KM260(11)pKD46; Kanr | 5 |
| KM260(11)ΔwaaF | ΔwaaF::nptII; derived from the strain KM260(11)pKD46; Kanr | 5 |
| KM260(11)ΔwaaC | ΔwaaC::nptII; derived from the strain KM260(11)pKD46; Kanr | 5 |
| KM260(11)ΔwaaA | ΔwaaA::nptII; derived from the strain KM260(11)pKD46; Kanr | 5 |
| Y. pseudotuberculosis | ||
| PB1 | Serotype O:1a | 59 |
| 1 | Serotype O:1a; Lcr− | 65 |
| 43 | Serotype O:3; Lcr− | 65 |
| 32 | Serotype O:4a; Lcr− | 65 |
| YPIII | Serotype O:3 | 12 |
| PB1Δwb | Serotype O:1a; O-PS-negative derivative of PB1; Kanr | This work |
| PB1Δwb-R4 | Spontaneous φA1122-resistant derivative of PB1Δwb | This work |
| PB1Δwb-R7 | Spontaneous φA1122-resistant derivative of PB1Δwb | This work |
| PB1Δwb-R12 | Spontaneous φA1122-resistant derivative of PB1Δwb | This work |
| Y. enterocolitica | ||
| 8081 | Serotype O:8 | 61 |
| 8081-R2 | Serotype O:8; O-PS-negative derivative of 8081 | 80 |
| 6471/76-c (YeO3-c) | Serotype O:3; virulence plasmid-cured derivative of 6471/76 | 68 |
| YeO3-R1 | Spontaneous O-PS-negative derivative of 6471/76-c | 70 |
| YeO3-c-OC | Δ(wzx-wbcQ) outer core-negative derivative of 6471/76-c | 11 |
| YeO3-OC-R | Δ(wzx-wbcQ) outer core- and O-PS-negative derivative of 6471/76 | 11 |
| E. coli | ||
| DH10B | F−mcrA Δ(mrr-hsdRMS-mcrBC) φ80lacZΔM15 ΔlacX74 deoR recA1 endA1 araD139 Δ(ara leu)7697 galU galK λ− rpsL nupG λ− tonA | Life Technologies |
| C600 | thi thr leuB tonA lacY supE | 7 |
| HB101 | F− Δ(gpt-proA)62 leuB6 glnV ara-14 galK2 lacY1 Δ(mcr-mrr) rpsL20 (Strr) xyl-5 mtl-1 recA13 | 15 |
| Sm10λpir | thi thr leuB tonA lacY supE recA::RP4-2-Yc::Mu-Kan (λpir) | 67 |
| Plasmids | ||
| pUC18 | Cloning vector; Ampr | 79 |
| pAY100.1 | O-PS gene cluster of YeO:3 cloned in pBR322; Ampr | 53 |
| pRV16NP | Outer core gene cluster of YeO:3 cloned in pTM100; Clmr | 39 |
| pRK2013 | Helper plasmid for conjugation; Kanr | 25 |
| p34S-Km | Cloning vector; Ampr Kanr | 23 |
| pCVD442 | Suicide vector; Ampr | 26 |
| pCVD442-wabD | Suicide vector with wabD::nptII; Ampr Kanr | 5 |
| pCVD442-waaL | Suicide vector with waaL::nptII; Ampr Kanr | 5 |
| pCVD442-waaQ | Suicide vector with waaQ::nptII; Ampr Kanr | 5 |
| pCVD442-waaE | Suicide vector with waaE::nptII; Ampr Kanr | 5 |
| pCVD442-waaA | Suicide vector with waaA::nptII; Ampr Kanr | 5 |
| pUCwbup | Upstream region of O-PS gene cluster of YPIII cloned in pUC18; Ampr | This work |
| pUCwbdel | Up- and downstream regions of the YPIII O-PS gene cluster cloned in pUC18; Ampr | This work |
| pUCwbGB | Kanr gene of p34S-Kan cloned between the up- and downstream regions of the YPIII O-PS gene cluster in pUCwbdel; Ampr Kanr | This work |
| pCVDwbGB | Suicide vector carrying the PvuII fragment of pUCwbGB, including the Kanr gene and the up- and downstream regions of O-PS gene cluster of YPIII; Ampr Kanr | This work |
a
Lcr, low calcium response; Pgm, pigmentation; Pst, pesticin resistance.