Table 1.
Neurological disorder | Symptom relieving effects | Effects on disease progression |
---|---|---|
Huntington's disease | –TRPV1 agonists reduce hyperkinesia in animal models (Lastres-Becker et al., 2003) | –CB2 agonists reduce inflammatory events and excitotoxicity in animal models (Palazuelos et al., 2009; Sagredo et al., 2009) |
–CB1 agonists produce only modest effects in animal models (Lastres-Becker et al., 2003), whereas the data in patients are controversial (Müller-Vahl et al., 1999; Curtis and Rickards, 2006; Curtis et al., 2009) | –Cannabidiol and Δ9-THC reduce oxidative stress in animal models (Lastres-Becker et al., 2004; Sagredo et al., 2007) | |
–CB1 agonists may also reduce excitotoxicity in animal models (Pintor et al., 2006; Blázquez et al., 2011), but they are lost during the progression of the disease | ||
Parkinson's disease | –CB1 antagonists reduce bradykinesia in animal models (Fernández-Espejo et al., 2005; González et al., 2006; Kelsey et al., 2009) but not in patients (Mesnage et al., 2004) | –Antioxidant cannabinoids are neuroprotective in animal models (Lastres-Becker et al., 2005; García-Arencibia et al., 2007) |
–CB1 agonists may reduce tremor in animal models (Sañudo-Peña and Walker, 1997) but the issue is not clear in patients (Consroe, 1998; Sieradzan et al., 2001; Carroll et al., 2004) | –CB2 agonists may reduce inflammatory events in animal models (Price et al., 2009; García et al., 2011) | |
Tourette's syndrome | –Plant-derived cannabinoids and analogues reduce tics in patients (reviewed in Müller-Vahl, 2009) | |
Dystonia | –Classic and non-classic cannabinoid agonists have antidystonic effects in animals models and patients (reviewed in Fernández-Ruiz and González, 2005) | |
Dyskinesia | –CB1 agonists or antagonists attenuate levodopa-induced dyskinesia in animal models and patients (reviewed in Fabbrini et al., 2007) |
Δ9-THC, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol.