Table 1.
Breast cancer in vitro and ex vivo studies
| Apoptosis/proliferation/migration mediated by | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cell line/tissue | Expressing | Apoptosis | Proliferation | Migration | CB1 | CB2 | Reference |
| MCF-7 | – | – | ↓ by DALN, CBD | – | – | – | Ruh et al., 1997 |
| EFM-19 | FAAH | – | ↓ by AEA | – | SR1 | – | Bisogno et al., 1998 |
| EFM-19 | FAAH | – | ↓ by Oleamide | – | SR1 | – | Bisogno et al., 1998 |
| MCF-7 | – | – | ↓ by AEA | – | SR1 | – | De Petrocellis et al., 1998 |
| EFM-19 | |||||||
| EFM-19 | – | – | ↓ by 2-AG, MET, HU-210 | – | – | – | De Petrocellis et al., 1998 |
| MCF-7 | – | – | ↓ by AEA | – | – | – | Melck et al., 1999 |
| EFM-19 | |||||||
| MCF-7 | CB1, CB2 | – | ↓ by AEA, arvanil | – | SR1 | Not SR2 | Melck et al., 2000 |
| T-47D | |||||||
| MCF-7 | CB1, CB2 | – | ↓ by 2-AG | – | – | – | Melck et al., 2000 |
| T-47D | |||||||
| MCF-7 | CB1, CB2 | – | PEA enhance AEA ↓ | – | – | Not SR2 | Di Marzo et al., 2001 |
| MCF-7 | CB1, CB2 | – | PEA enhance arvanil ↓ PEA enhance HU-210 ↓ | – | – | – | Di Marzo et al., 2001 |
| EFM-19 | – | – | PEA enhance olvanil ↓ | – | – | Not SR2 | De Petrocellis et al., 2002 |
| MCF-7 | CB1 low, not CB2 | Δ9-THC no Δ | – | – | – | – | McKallip et al., 2005 |
| 4T1* | Not CB1 nor CB2 | Δ9-THC no Δ | – | – | – | – | McKallip et al., 2005 |
| MDA-MB-231 | CB1 | – | – | – | – | – | Sarnataro et al., 2005 |
| MCF-7 | – | – | ↑ by Δ9-THC, CBD, CBN | – | – | – | Watanabe et al., 2005 |
| EVSA-T | CB2 | ↑ by Δ9-THC | ↓ by Δ9-THC | – | Not SR1 pro | SR2 pro, apo | Caffarel et al., 2006 |
| MCF-7 | – | – | ↓ by Δ9-THC | – | – | – | Caffarel et al., 2006 |
| T-47D | |||||||
| MDA-MB-231 | |||||||
| MDA-MB-468 | |||||||
| SkBr3 | |||||||
| Breast tumour | CB1, CB2 | – | – | – | – | – | Caffarel et al., 2006 |
| MDA-MB-231 | – | MET no Δ | ↓ by MET | ↓ by MET | SR1 mig | – | Grimaldi et al., 2006 |
| T-47D | CB1 | – | MET no Δ | – | – | – | Grimaldi et al., 2006 |
| TSA-E1* | CB1 | – | ↓ by MET | ↓ by MET | SR1 mig | – | Grimaldi et al., 2006 |
| MCF-7 | CB1 weak, CB2 weak | – | ↓ by CBD, CBG, CBC, CBD acid, THC acid | – | – | – | Ligresti et al., 2006 |
| MDA-MB-231 | CB1 weak, CB2 medium | ↑ by CBD | ↓ by CBD, CBG, CBC, CBD acid, THC acid | – | – | Partially by SR2 with CBD for pro | Ligresti et al., 2006 |
| MCF-7 | CB1 | – | ↓ by SR1 | – | – | – | Sarnataro et al., 2006 |
| T-47D | |||||||
| MDA-MB-231 | CB1 | SR1 no Δ | ↓ by SR1 | – | – | – | Sarnataro et al., 2006 |
| MDA-MB-231 | – | – | ↓ by Δ9-THC, CBN, WIN-2, CP55,940, CBD | ↓ by Δ9-THC, CBD, WIN-2 | – | – | McAllister et al., 2007 |
| MDA-MB-436 | – | – | ↓ by Δ9-THC, CBN, WIN-2, CP55,940, CBD | ↓ by CBD | – | – | McAllister et al., 2007 |
| HTB-126 | – | – | ↓ by NPT, NPD | – | SR1 with NPT | – | Burstein and Salmonsen, 2008 |
| EVSA-T | – | – | ↓ by Δ9-THC | – | – | – | Caffarel et al., 2008 |
| MDA-MB-231 | – | – | – | ↓ by MET | SR1 | – | Laezza et al., 2008 |
| MCF-7 | FAAH | – | ↑ by Δ9-THC, CBD, CBN | – | Not SR1 nor AM251 with Δ9-THC | – | Takeda et al., 2008 |
| Not CB1 nor CB2 | |||||||
| MCF7 | – | – | ↓ by Δ9-THC | – | – | – | von Bueren et al., 2008 |
| MCF7-AR1 | |||||||
| MDA-MB-231 | CB1, CB2 | ↑ by JWH-133, WIN-2 | ↓ by JWH-133, WIN-2 | ↓ by JWH-133, WIN-2 | – | siRNA and WB | Qamri et al., 2009 |
| MDA-MB-468 | CB1, CB2 | – | ↓ by JWH-133, WIN-2 | ↓ by JWH-133, WIN-2 | – | – | Qamri et al., 2009 |
| MCF-7 | – | – | ↑ by Δ9-THC | – | – | – | Takeda et al., 2009 |
| Breast tumour | CB1, CB2 | – | – | – | – | – | Caffarel et al., 2010 |
| MDA-MB-231 | GPR55 | – | – | ↓ by CBD | – | – | Ford et al., 2010 |
| MCF-7 | – | – | ↓ by MET | – | – | – | Laezza et al., 2010 |
| MDA-MB-231 | |||||||
| MCF-7 | – | – | ↓ by CBD | ↓ by CBD | – | – | McAllister et al., 2010 |
| MDA-MB-231 | |||||||
Human and murine* cell line/tissue.
↑, increase; ↓, decrease; –, not tested; 2-AG, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol; apo, apoptosis; AEA, anandamide; CB1, cannabinoid receptor 1; CB2, cannabinoid receptor 2; CBC, cannabichromene; CBD, cannabidiol; CBD acid; cannabidiol acid; CBG, cannabigerol; CBN, cannabinol; Δ9-THC, delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol; DALN, desacetyllevonantradol; FAAH, fatty-acid amide hydrolase; MET, methanandamide; mig, migration; no Δ, no change; NPD, N-palmitoyl dopamine; NPT, N-palmitoyl tyrosine; PEA, palmitoylethanolamide; pro, proliferation; siRNA, silencing RNA; SR1, SR141716A; SR2, SR144528; THC acid, tetrahydrocannabinol acid; WB, Western blot; WIN-2, WIN55,212-2.