Table 4.
Univariate and Multivariate Linear Regression Analyses to Assess the Association Between Baseline Factors and 96-Week Absolute and Percent Absolute and Percentage Changes in Limb Fat, VAT, and VAT:TAT Ratio
| 96-Week absolute change |
96-Week percentage change |
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| Univariate |
Multivariable |
Univariate |
Multivariable |
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| Endpoint | Baseline covariate | Param. est. (95% CI) | P | Param. est. (95% CI) | P | Param. est. (95% CI) | P | Param. est. (95% CI) | P |
| Limb fat (kg) | ABC-3TC (vs TDF-FTC) | 0.55 (−0.14, 1.24) | .012 | 0.51 (−0.15, 1.16) | .013 | 4.0 (−6.7, 14,7) | .046 | 4.7 (−4.6, 14.1) | .032 |
| ATV-r (vs EFV) | 0.93 (0.24, 1.61) | .008 | 0.74 (0.07, 1.42) | .032 | 13.9 (3.3, 24.5) | .010 | 11.1 (1.4, 20.9) | .025 | |
| Male (vs female) | −0.36 (−1.33, 0.60) | .046 | −0.85 (−1.80, 0.10) | .079 | 7.8 (−7.1, 22.7) | .030 | −5.8 (−19.5, 8.0) | .041 | |
| Age, y | −0.04 (−0.08, −0.01) | .003 | −0.04 (−0.07, 0.00) | .003 | −0.7 (−1.2, −0.1) | .002 | −0.59 (−1.1, −0.1) | .002 | |
| Race/ethnicity | N/A | .078a | N/A | .037a | N/A | .024a | N/A | .006a | |
| Black non-Hispanic (vs White non-Hispanic) | 0.00 (−0.81, 0.80) | .098 | −0.21 (−0.99, 0.58) | .060 | −4.4 (−16.7, 7.8) | .048 | −6.4 (−17.7, 4.8) | .026 | |
| Hispanic (White non-Hispanic reference) | −0.07 (−1.09, 0.94) | .089 | −0.69 (−1.66, 0.28) | .016 | −4.1 (−19.6, 11.4) | .060 | −14.5 (−28.5, −0.5) | .004 | |
| Other (White non-Hispanic reference) | 1.18 (−1.10, 3.46) | .031 | 0.99 (−1.15, 3.14) | .036 | 31.3 (−3.5, 66.1) | .008 | 22.2 (−8.6, 53.0) | .016 | |
| HIV-1 RNA, log10 copies/mL | 1.13 (0.61, 1.65) | <.001 | 1.09 (0.50, 1.68) | <.001 | 18.5 (10.6, 26.4) | <.001 | 14.7 (6.2, 23.2) | .001 | |
| CD4+ cell count (50 cells/uL) | −0.16 (−0.27, −0.06) | .003 | −0.06 (−0.18, 0.05) | .28 | −3.2 (−4.8, −1.7) | <.001 | −1.4 (−3.0, 0.2) | .096 | |
| BMI | −0.04 (−0.12, 0.04) | .31 | −0.03 (−0.10, 0.05) | .52 | −2.9 (−4.0, −1.8) | <.001 | −2.5 (−3.6, −1.4) | <.001 | |
| VAT (cm2) | ABC-3TC (vs TDF-FTC) | −2.8 (−12.9, 7.3) | .58 | −2.7 (−12.8, 7.4) | .60 | −5.0 (−21.5, 11.4) | .55 | −5.3 (−21.5, 11.0) | .52 |
| ATV-r (vs EFV) | 7.6 (−2.4, 17.7) | .14 | 5.5 (−5.0, 16.0) | .30 | 14.2 (−2.2, 30.6) | .090 | 11.0 (−5.9, 27.9) | .20 | |
| Male (vs female) | 12.9 (−1.0, 26.7) | .069 | 10.1 (−4.7, 24.9) | .18 | 11.3 (−11.5, 34.1) | .33 | 6.5 (−17.3, 30.4) | .59 | |
| Age, y | −0.3 (−0.8, 0.2) | .23 | −0.3 (−0.8, 0.2) | .28 | −0.8 (−1.7, 0.0) | .055 | −0.7 (−1.6, 0.1) | .096 | |
| Race/Ethnicity | N/A | .78a | N/A | .67a | N/A | .80a | N/A | .77a | |
| Black non-Hispanic (vs White non-Hispanic) | 2.7 (−8.9, 14.3) | .65 | 4.8 (−7.3, 16.9) | .43 | 8.8 (−10.1, 27.7) | .36 | 8.5 (−11.0, 28.0) | .39 | |
| Hispanic (White non-Hispanic reference) | 5.9 (−9.1, 21.0) | .44 | 2.1 (−13.3, 17.4) | .79 | 7.5 (−17.1, 32.1) | .55 | 0.6 (−24.1, 25.3) | .96 | |
| Other (White non-Hispanic reference) | −8.7 (−41.1, 23.7) | .60 | −13.6 (−3.6, 14.9) | .41 | −1.9 (−54.8, 50.9) | .94 | −12.9 (−65.2, 39.4) | .63 | |
| HIV-1 RNA, log10 copies/mL | 7.7 (−0.1, 15.5) | .054 | 5.6 (−3.6, 14.9) | .23 | 9.5 (−3.3, 22.3) | .14 | 4.1 (−10.8, 19.0) | .59 | |
| CD4+ cell count (50 cells/uL) | −1.1 (−2.6, 0.5) | .18 | −0.3 (−2.1, 1.5) | .72 | −2.9 (−5.5, −0.4) | .023 | −2.0c(−4.8, 0.9) | .18 | |
| BMI | −1.1 (−2.2, 0.1) | .066 | −0.8 (−2.0, 0.4) | .20 | −2.5 (−4.3, −0.6) | .009 | −2.0 (−3.9, −0.1) | .044 | |
| VAT:TAT ratio | ABC-3TC (vs TDF-FTC) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | 0.94 | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | .85 | −1.0 (−6.7, 4.7) | .74 | −1.2 (−6.9, 4.5) | .68 |
| ATV-r (vs EFV) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | .92 | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | .82 | −1.2 (−6.9, 4.5) | .67 | −0.3 (−6.3, 5.6) | .91 | |
| Male (vs female) | 0.00 (−0.03, 0.03) | >.99 | 0.01 (−0.02, 0.03) | .54 | −0.9 (−8.8, 7.0) | .82 | 1.0 (−7.4, 9.4) | .81 | |
| Age, y | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | .25 | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | .23 | 0.2 (−0.1, 0.5) | .26 | 0.2 (−0.1, 0.5) | .30 | |
| Race/ethnicity | N/A | .25a | N/A | .19a | N/A | .57a | N/A | .58a | |
| Black non-Hispanic (vs White non-Hispanic) | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.03) | .67a | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.03) | .68 | 0.1 (−6.4, 6.7) | .96 | 0.3 (−6.6, 7.2) | .93 | |
| Hispanic (White non-Hispanic reference) | 0.01 (−0.02, 0.04) | .54 | 0.02 (−0.01, 0.04) | .23 | 0.4 (−8.1, 8.9) | .92 | 2.5 (−6.2, 11.2) | .57 | |
| Other (White non-Hispanic reference) | −0.05 (−0.11, 0.00) | .070 | −0.05 (−0.11, 0.01) | .092 | −12.9 (−31.2, 5.3) | .16 | −11.3 (−29.7, 7.1) | .23 | |
| HIV-1 RNA, log10 copies/mL | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.00) | .12 | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.01) | .31 | −2.7 (−7.2, 1.7) | .22 | −1.6 (−6.8, 3.7) | .55 | |
| CD4+ count (100 cells/uL) | 0.01 (0.00, 0.01) | .031 | 0.00 (0.00, 0.01) | .26 | 1.7 (0.0, 3.5) | .051 | 1.2 (−0.9, 3.2) | .26 | |
| BMI (5) | 0.01 (0.00, 0.02) | .012 | 0.01 (0.00, 0.02) | .046 | 3.7 (0.5, 6.9) | .022 | 3.1 (−0.3, 6.5) | .077 | |
NOTE. Boldface type indicates statistical significance. ABC, abacavir; ATV/r, atazanavir-ritonavir; BMI, body mass index calculated as the weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters; CI, confidence interval; EFV, efavirenz; FTC, emtricitabine; HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1; Param. est., parameter estimate; TAT, total adipose tissue; TDF, tenofovir DF; VAT, visceral adipose tissue; 3TC, lamivudine.
a
Global test, 3 df.