Table 2. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis, by drug-resistance status, Lima, Peru, 2005–2008*.
| Variable | Susceptible to INH and RIF, n = 661 | Monoresistant to INH or RIF, n = 161 | MDR TB, n = 419 | Total, N = 1,241 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DST method | ||||
| Griess | 318 (48.1) | 87 (54.0) | 208 (49.6) | 613 (49.4) |
| Conventional | 270 (40.9) | 56 (34.8) | 185 (44.2) | 511 (41.2) |
| BACTEC | 63 (9.5) | 17 (10.6) | 23 (5.5)† | 103 (8.3) |
| Griess/BACTEC |
10 (1.5) |
1 (0.6) |
3 (0.7) |
14 (1.1) |
| Year of enrollment | ||||
| 2005 | 175 (26.5) | 44 (27.3) | 130 (31.0) | 349 (28.1) |
| 2006 | 233 (35.3) | 47 (29.2) | 127 (30.3) | 407 (32.8) |
| 2007 | 178 (26.9) | 48 (29.8) | 106 (25.3) | 332 (26.8) |
| 2008 |
75 (11.4) |
22 (13.7) |
56 (13.4) |
153 (12.3) |
| Age, y, mean ± SD | 35.6 ± 15.2 | 32.8 ± 15.1† | 29.7 ± 13.1‡ | 33.2 ± 14.8 |
| Female sex | 236 (35.7) | 54 (33.5) | 144 (34.4) | 434 (35.0) |
| Married or lived together | 272 (41.2) | 48 (29.8)§ | 136 (32.5)§ | 456 (36.7) |
| Unemployed, n = 1,239 | 257 (38.9) | 62 (38.8) | 155 (37.0) | 474 (38.3) |
| Did not begin secondary level education, n = 1,235 |
150 (22.9) |
31 (19.3) |
67 (16.0)§
|
248 (20.1) |
| Tobacco use (ever), n = 1,240 | 191 (28.9) | 48 (29.8) | 97 (23.2)† | 336 (27.1) |
| Alcohol use or abuse (ever), n = 1,240 | 257 (38.9) | 61 (37.9) | 148 (35.3) | 466 (37.6) |
| Illicit drug use (ever) |
131 (19.8) |
38 (23.6) |
77 (18.4) |
246 (19.8) |
| Weight loss, n = 1,237 | 543 (82.5) | 126 (78.8) | 330 (78.8) | 999 (80.8) |
| Dyspnea, n = 1,238 | 118 (17.9) | 21 (13.1) | 81 (19.3) | 220 (17.8) |
| Hemoptysis, n = 1,239 | 28 (4.3) | 9 (5.6) | 38 (9.1)§ | 75 (6.1) |
| Cavitary lesion on chest radiography, n = 1,207 | 199 (16.5) | 43 (3.6) | 144 (11.9) | 386 (32.0) |
| Low BMI, n = 1,233 |
203 (30.8) |
55 (34.8) |
133 (32.1) |
391 (31.7) |
| Previous TB treatment | 328 (49.6) | 77 (47.8) | 224 (53.5) | 629 (50.7) |
| Type of TB | ||||
| Pulmonary only | 650 (98.3) | 155 (96.3) | 414 (98.8) | 1219 (98.2) |
| Extrapulmonary | 11 (1.7) | 6 (3.7) | 5 (1.2) | 22 (1.8) |
*Values are no. (%) except as indicated. Boldface indicates significant difference in statistical comparison of baseline characteristics in the corresponding drug-resistance group to drug-susceptible cases. INH, isoniazid; RIF, rifampin; MDR TB, multidrug-resistant tuberculosis; DST, drug-susceptibility testing; BMI, body mass index. †p<0.05. ‡p<0.001. §p<0.01.