Table 4. MDR TB among new smear-positive TB patients compared with regional surveillance prevalence estimates, by NTP risk group, Lima, Peru, 2005–2008*.
| Risk factor | Total no. patients | No. (%) MDR TB | Odds ratio (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|
| New smear-positive TB patients in NTP regional surveillance data | 476 | 47 (9.9) | |
| New smear-positive TB patients in study cohort | 531 | 180 (33.9) | 4.68 (3.30–6.65) |
| HIV positive | 46 | 8 (17.4) | 1.92 (0.85– 4.36) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 107 | 18 (16.8) | 1.85 (1.02–3.33) |
| Chronic corticosteroid therapy | 4 | 0 | NA |
| Other immunosuppression | 5 | 0 | NA |
| Adverse reaction | 4 | 1 (25.0) | 3.04 (0.06–38.63) |
| Previous hospitalization within the past 2 y with duration >15 d | 5 | 2 (40.0) | 6.09 (0.49–54.15) |
| Health care worker during the past 2 y | 24 | 4 (16.7) | 1.83 (0.60–5.57) |
| Health sciences student during the past 2 y | 29 | 5 (17.2) | 1.90 (0.69–5.22) |
| Prisoner during the past 2 y | 27 | 4 (14.8) | 1.59 (0.53–4.79) |
| Adult patient with household contact risk factor(s)† | 170 | 57 (33.5) | 4.60 (2.97–7.14) |
| Pediatric patient with household contact risk factor(s)† | 13 | 7 (53.9) | 10.65 (2.90–39.71) |
| Private or self-administered treatment | 2 | 2 (100.0) | NA |
| Sputum positive during second or third month of category I treatment | 105 | 70 (66.7) | 18.26 (11.01–30.26) |
| Sputum positive during second or third month of category II treatment | 1 | 1 (100.0) | NA |
*MDR, multidrug resistant; TB, tuberculosis; NTP, National Tuberculosis Control Program; CI, confidence interval; NA, not applicable. †Household contact risk factors are defined as household contact with a patient with known MDR TB, with a patient who showed TB treatment failure in the past 2 y, or with a patient being treated with second-line TB drugs.