Mechanism for the immunolabeling of HeLa cells using rabbit anti-CEA8 antibody conjugated NaYF4:Yb,Er NPs (a), and fluorescent images of HeLa cells after incubation with rabbit anti-CEA8 antibody conjugated NaYF4:Yb,Er NPs (b–d). The left row (b) is an image in bright field, the middle row (c) is an image in dark field, and right row (d) are the overlays of the left and middle rows114