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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Oct 15.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurol Sci. 2011 Jul 29;309(1-2):96–101. doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2011.07.008

Figure 2. Combination treatment with Niaspan and tPA reduces apoptosis and attenuates TNF-alpha and TLR-4 expression.

Figure 2

Panels A-B show that combination treatment significantly decreased the number of TUNEL-positive (A) and cleaved caspase-3 (B) expression in the ischemic brain compared to saline treated rats (p<0.05) . Panels C-D show that combination treatment significantly reduced the expression of TNF-alpha (C), and TLR-4 (D) in the ischemic brain compared with tPA or Niaspan monotherapy as well as with the saline control group (p<0.05). SE = standard error.