Table 1.

Age-Standardized Baseline (1980) Characteristics and 1994 Dietary Intake, by Quintile of Low-Carbohydrate-Diet Score, Nurses’ Health Study, 1980–2006

Characteristic	Overall Diet Score			Animal-Based Diet Score			Vegetable-Based Diet Score
	Quintile 1	Quintile 3	Quintile 5	Quintile 1	Quintile 3	Quintile 5	Quintile 1	Quintile 3	Quintile 5
Body mass indexa	24.1	24.5	24.9	24.1	24.5	24.9	24.7	24.5	24.2
Current smoking, %	28	28	32	27	28	32	30	28	30
Physical activity level, hours/week	3.0	3.1	2.9	3.0	3.1	2.9	3.0	3.0	3.0
Postmenopausal hormone use, %	9.9	10.6	11.3	9.6	10.5	11.7	11.4	10.4	10.4
Family history of breast cancer, %	6.1	6.4	6.3	6.3	6.6	6.3	6.0	6.3	6.5
Energy intake, kcal	1,443	1,725	2,082	1,751	1,745	1,682	1,715	1,737	1,767
Alcohol intake, g	3	6	6	3	6	5	3	5	6
Carbohydrate intake, % of energy intake	63.4	52.2	43.8	63.6	52.7	43.1	59.1	52.9	47.9
Animal protein intake, % of energy intake	10.8	13.2	14.7	9.3	13.1	16.7	13.6	13.2	11.9
Vegetable protein intake, % of energy intake	6.2	5.4	4.8	6.5	5.4	4.6	4.9	5.5	6.0
Animal fat intake, % of energy intake	10.4	15.7	20.9	9.4	15.3	22.4	14.7	15.9	15.3
Vegetable fat intake, % of energy intake	11.1	13.5	15.4	13.3	13.7	12.5	8.9	12.8	18.9
Saturated fat intakeb, g	12	17	22	12	17	22	15	17	18
Monounsaturated fat intakeb, g	15	20	25	16	20	24	16	20	25
Polyunsaturated fat intakeb, g	7	9	11	8	9	10	7	9	11
Trans fat intakeb, g	1.8	2.4	2.7	2.0	2.3	2.6	1.8	2.4	2.7
Fiber intakeb, g	23	19	16	24	19	16	19	19	19
Glycemic loadb	136	109	90	137	110	88	125	111	100
Fruit, servings/day	2.9	2.4	2.1	3.4	2.4	1.7	3.1	2.5	1.9
Low-protein vegetablesc, servings/day	3.3	3.5	3.7	3.9	3.5	3.1	3.2	3.6	3.8

^aWeight (kg)/height (m)².

^bData were energy adjusted using the residual method of Willett (10).

^cDoes not include legumes or nuts.