FIGURE 4.
IFN-γ inhibition of β-catenin signaling is through its induction of DKK-1. PFA were left untreated or were treated with IFN-γ, anti–DKK-1, or both IFN-γ and anti–DKK-1 for 24 h prior to transfection with TOPflash and Renilla constructs. Posttransfection, the cells were maintained in their initial treatment for 24 h. Dual luciferase activity was measured, and TOPflash luciferase was normalized to Renilla firefly activity. Data represent a minimum of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, compared with untreated samples.