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Apelin levels in paired samples of serum and synovial fluid (SF) obtained from female and male patients with osteoarthritis (OA). SF and serum levels of apelin in the female group were found to be significantly higher than that in the male group (for a, p < 0.01; for d, p < 0.05). Serum apelin was significantly higher than SF in both the female and male groups (for b, p < 0.001; for c, p < 0.001)
