Table 14.

Formaldehyde animal hematotoxicity studies.

			Exposure		Outcomes
Study	Species	Sex	Concentration	Duration	RBC, Hct, Hb	WBC
Inhalation studies
Monticello et al., 1989	Monkey, rhesus	Male	0, 6 ppm	6 h/d, 5 d/wk, 6 wk	NS	NS
Appelman et al., 1988	Rat, Wistar	Male	0, 0.1, 1, 10 ppm	6 h/d, 5 d/wk, 13 or 52 wk	NS	NS
Holmstrom et al., 1989	Rat, Sprague-Dawley	Female	0, 12.6 ppm	6 h/d, 5 d/wk, 22 mo	NS	NS
Kerns et al., 1983	Rat, Fischer 344	Female, Male	0, 2.0, 5.6, 14.3 ppm	6 h/d, 5 d/wk, 24 mo with follow-up till 30 mo	NS	NS
As above	Mouse, B6C3F1	Female, Male	As above	As above	NS	NS
Dean et al., 1984	Mouse, B6C3F1	Female	0, 15 ppm	6 h/d, 5 d/wk, 3 wk	NS	↓monocytes Other cell types NS
Kamata et al., 1997	Rat, Fischer 344	Male	0, 0.3, 2, 15 ppm	6 h/d, 5 d/wk, 28 mo	NS	NS
Woutersen et al., 1987	Rat, Wistar	Female, Male	0, 1, 10, 20 ppm	6 h/d, 5 d/wk, 13 wk	NS	NS
Ingestion Studies
Vargova et al., 1993	Rat, Wistar	Male	0, 20, 40, and 80 mg/kg bw/d	5 d/wk, 4 wk; gastric intubation	↑ at 40, 80 mg/kg/d	↑monocytes ↑lymphocytes
Til et al., 1989	Rat, Wistar	Female	0, 1.8, 21, 109 mg/kg bw/d	Daily, 24 mo, drinking water	NS	NS
As above	Rat, Wistar	Male	0, 1.2, 15 or 82 mg/kg bw/d	Daily, 24 mo, drinking water	NS	NS
Til et al., 1988	Rat, Wistar	Female, Male	5, 25 and 125 mg/kg bw/d	Daily, 4 wk	NS	NS
Johannsen et al., 1986	Rat, Sprague-Dawley	Female, Male	0, 50, 100, 150 mg/kg/d	Daily, 3 mo	NS	NS
As above	Dog, Beagle	Female, Male	0, 50, 75, 100 mg/kg/d	Daily, 3 mo	NS	NS
Tobe et al., 1989	Rat, Wistar	Female, Male	0, 200, 1000, 5000 ppm (0, 10, 50, 300 mg/kg bw/d)	Daily, 24 mo, drinking water	↓, not concentration dependent	Assessed, NR

Note. WBC = white blood cell count in peripheral blood; RBC = red blood cell count in peripheral blood; Hct = hematocrit; Hb = hemoglobin concentration in blood; NS = not statistically significant;

^↓statistically significant decrease;

^↑statistically significant increase; mg/kg bw/d = milligram per kilogram body weight per day; ppm = parts per million; wk = week(s); mo = month(s).