Increased snc1 protein levels in snc1 and snc1 pad4 double mutant. (A) Morphology of wild-type Col (WT), snc1 (gain-of-function allele of SNC1), and snc1 pad4 double-mutant plants (14). The picture was taken with 4-wk-old soil-grown plants. (B) qRT-PCR analysis of SNC1 transcript levels in WT, snc1, and snc1 pad4 plants. (C) Western blot analysis of SNC1/snc1 protein levels in snc1-r1 (a loss-of-function deletion allele of SNC1), WT, snc1, and snc1 pad4 plants (14). Rubisco levels serve as loading control.