Figure 5.

Mitochondrial superoxide production is increased and oxidative stress is increased in muscle tissue in rmd. (A) Mitochondrial superoxide production is enhanced in rmd, especially in hindlimb muscle mitochondria. Data are shown as the mean ± SD of seven experiments. *P < 0.001. (B) MDA levels are increased in muscle tissue. **P < 0.0005. Data are shown as the mean ± SD (n = 4 for rmd and n = 5 for littermate controls). (C) HNE4-modified proteins are increased in rmd hindlimb muscle. Coomassie brilliant blue staining is shown as a loading control. Representative data of six samples.