Table. 6.

Summary of direct and indirect indicators obtained from public domain Internet sources for the relationship between ducks and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI H5N1) epidemic in Vietnam, 2006–2007^*

Citation	Date	Source	Language	Indicator	Stage	Indicator Code
2006j	December 6, 2006	Foreign Broadcast Service	English	First HPAI H5N1 outbreak of 2006 in Vietnam; >7,000 chicks and ducklings culled; raising ducks was banned in 2005 to curb spread of HPAI H5N1; provincial leaders claim dead birds ‘hatched illegally’.	PS2	D21
2006k	December 27, 2006	The Age (Australia)	English	The government declared the HPAI H5N1 outbreak contained; poultry smuggled from China to Vietnam.	PSR	1532
2007v	February28, 2007	Vietnam Express News	Vietnamese	Movement of poultry in the Mekong Delta banned as free-ranging ducks identified as major source of HPAI H5N1 spread, but lifts ban on hatching ducks. Fifty unvaccinated ducks found dead on farm test positive for H5N1; birds taken from Soc Trang to Tra On to feed in recently harvested fields, just days after a new HPAI H5N1outbreak in North Vietnam.	PS1	2D6
2007w	March 12, 2007	China View	Vietnamese	The strain of HPAI in North Vietnam is the same as China strain.	PS2	D
2007x	June 29, 2007	Vietnam Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment	Vietnamese	435 H5N1-infected ducks from Mo Dao commune destroyed; hundreds of free-range ducks in Bac Ninh dying; 100 duck carcasses in paddies; no one will admit owning the ducks; contaminated water and slow response concerns.	PS2	2D46
2007y	October 15, 2007	Tienphong Online	Vietnamese	The Vietnamese government launched a campaign to prevent AI along with rice pests and diseases.	PS2	2
2007z	December 20, 2007	Voice of Vietnam	Vietnamese	Residents express health concerns over unvaccinated ducks roaming freely; request government assistance.	PS2	43

^*Note that this table contains greater detail regarding sources and indicators than is described in the text of the case study.