Table 3.

Significant Predictors from the Final Logistic Regression Models Examining Predictors of Perinatal Depressive Symptoms (≥16 on Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale During Pregnancy and/or Postpartum) in the Overall Sample (n=244) and in HIV-Infected (n=139) and HIV-Uninfected (n=105) Women Separately

Sample	Significant predictors	OR	95% CI	p value
Overall sample (n=244)	Preconception depression			<0.001
	No, CES-D<16 (n=148)	1.00	Reference
	Yes, CES-D≥16 (n=96)	5.62	3.08–10.27
	Education			0.03
	At least high school or equivalent (n=133)	1.00	Reference
	Less than high school (n=111)	1.92	1.06–3.46
	Crack, cocaine, and/or heroin use preconception			0.08
	No use (n=207)	1.00	Reference
	Any use (n=37)	2.24	0.92–5.46
	Current number of sexual partners			0.02
	<2 (n=180)	1.00	Reference
	≥2 (n=64)	2.20	1.12–4.32
	Mental health services used preconception			0.04
	No use of services (n=210)	1.00	Reference
	Use of services (n=34)	2.51	1.03–6.13
HIV-infected (n=139)	Preconception depression			<0.001
	No, CES-D<16 (n=78)	1.00	Reference
	Yes, CES-D≥16 (n=61)	5.71	2.67–12.19
	Crack, cocaine, and/or heroin use preconception			0.06
	No use (n=120)	1.00	Reference
	Any use (n=19)	3.10	0.96–10.01
HIV-uninfected (n=105)	Preconception depression			<0.001
	No, CES-D<16 (n=67)	1.00	Reference
	Yes, CES-D≥16 (n=38)	8.96	3.26–24.65
	Education			0.08
	At least high school or equivalent (n=58)	1.00	Reference
	Less than high school (n=47)	2.31	0.91–5.84
	Current number of sexual partners			<0.01
	<2 (n=65)	1.00	Reference
	≥2 (n=40)	3.54	1.38–9.10

CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.