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. 2011 Aug 23;17(6):285–291. doi: 10.1159/000330317

Table 2.

Means ± SD of positive and negative affect ratings of non-, occasional and regular users of khat during baseline, stress and recovery periods

Non-users
Occasional users
Regular users

men women men women men women
Positive affect
 Baseline 4.14 ± 1.84 3.45 ± 1.30 3.42 ± 1.22 2.61 ± 1.39 3.27 ± 1.32 2.93 ± 0.83
 Stress 3.72 ± 1.47 3.12 ± 1.43 3.47 ± 1.27 1.75 ± 0.65 2.67 ± 1.30 2.25 ± 0.53
 Recovery 4.24 ± 1.80 3.39 ± 1.55 3.63 ± 1.58 2.06 ± 1.22 3.01 ± 1.24 2.34 ± 1.16
Negative affect
 Baseline 0.87 ± 0.67 1.04 ± 1.04 1.07 ± 0.76 1.22 ± 0.81 1.14 ± 0.96 1.00 ± 0.91
 Stress 0.94 ± 0.67 1.21 ± 0.66 1.20 ± 1.04 1.99 ± 1.07 1.86 ± 1.45 1.72 ± 1.69
 Recovery 0.82 ± 0.69 1.00 ± 0.88 1.20 ± 1.08 1.06 ± 0.79 1.43 ± 1.15 1.33 ± 0.80