Table 1. Demographic and anthropometric variables by ethnic group and environment.
| Mapuche | European | p value | ||||
| Rural | Urban | Rural | Urban | Ethn | Env | |
| Demographic Variables | ||||||
| N (men / women) | 54 / 69 | 45 / 79 | 36 / 55 | 42 / 92 | - | - |
| Age | 36.7 ±11.9 | 34.1±12.5 | 40.9±13.7 | 37.5±12.4 | 0.003 | 0.014 |
| Smoking Status(Never / Ex / Current) | 80 / 16 / 27 | 50 / 25 / 49 | 50 / 16 / 25 | 44 / 36 / 54 | - | - |
| Socio economic Level(Lower / Middle / Higher) | 95 / 21 / 7 | 24 / 65 / 35 | 38 / 33 / 20 | 32 / 42 / 60 | - | - |
| Education Level(Primary / Secondary / Tertiary) | 94 / 18 / 11 | 10 / 83 / 31 | 30 / 40 / 21 | 7 / 52 / 75 | - | - |
| Anthropometric variables | ||||||
| Normal / Overweight / Obese a | 18 / 51 / 54 | 39 / 55 / 30 | 17 / 41 / 33 | 48 / 47 / 39 | - | - |
| Body mass (kg) | 75.8±11.8 | 73.3±12.5 | 73.9±13.3 | 71.2±13.1 | 0.327 | 0.018 |
| Height (m) | 1.57±6.9 | 1.61±8.6 | 1.59±9.4 | 1.59±8.5 | 0.007 | 0.126 |
| BMI (kg.m-2) | 30.5±4.3 | 28.4±4.8 | 29.2±4.9 | 28.2±5.4 | 0.008 | 0.002 |
| Waist (cm) | 106.9±11.5 | 102.1±12.8 | 104.2±14.5 | 101.8±15.7 | 0.155 | 0.012 |
| Hip (cm) | 117.2±11.1 | 113.3±10.7 | 114.9±13.0 | 112.2±13.1 | 0.042 | 0.008 |
| Body fat (%) | 29.4±5.3 | 31.2±5.2 | 28.6±6.1 | 31.5±6.0 | 0.021 | 0.0001 |
Data are presented as mean ± SD for continuous variables or as numbers of individuals in each category for categorical variables. Statistical analysis (except for age) was undertaken on age- and sex-adjusted data. For continuous variables, p values shown are for comparisons of means between Rural Mapuche, Urban Mapuche, Rural European and Urban European groups for main effects of ethnicity (Ethn) and of environment (Env). Results of further models assessing the Ethnicity x environment (Ethn x Env) interaction effect are not shown as interaction terms in all the models were non-significant (all p>0.28). Significant p values (i.e. p<0.004) are shown in bold. aParticipants were classified into BMI categories using the standard cut-offs: normal (<25.0 kg/m2), Overweight (25.0–29.9 kg/m2) or Obese (>30.0 kg/m2). No formal comparisons between groups were made for the categorical variables.