Table 1.
Descriptive statistics for the sample of families
| Variable (n mother/n father) | Full sample of mothers and children | Father-participating subsample | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | Range | Mean | SD | % | Range | Mean | SD | |
| Age of parents (750/463) | 25–54 | 35.86 | 5.81 | 27–63 | 38.09 | 6.26 | ||
| Age of children (749/467) | 9–12 | 10.43 | 0.54 | 9–12 | 10.40 | 0.54 | ||
| Family incomea (733/467) | 1–20 | 6.73 | 4.40 | 1–20 | 7.73 | 4.61 | ||
| Parents’ years of education (749/465) | 1–19 | 10.34 | 3.67 | 1–20 | 10.09 | 3.94 | ||
| Two parent household (750/467) | 77.07 | 99.78 | ||||||
| Parents born in U.S. (750/467) | 25.73 | 19.91 | ||||||
| Children born in U.S. (750/467) | 70.27 | 66.59 | ||||||
| Parents interviewed in English (749/467) | 30.17 | 23.18 | ||||||
| Children interviewed in English (749/467) | 82.77 | 81.58 | ||||||
| Female children (750/467) | 48.70 | 48.39 | ||||||
| Subjective economic hardship (745/466) | 1.47–2.54 | 0.00 | 0.83 | 1.31–2.57 | 0.00 | 0.82 | ||
| Perceived neighborhood danger (748/465) | 1–5 | 2.52 | 1.03 | 1–5 | 2.42 | 0.94 | ||
| Parental warmth (749/466) | 2.5–5 | 4.44 | 0.50 | 2.38–5 | 4.21 | 0.54 | ||
| Harsh parenting (749/466) | 1–4.63 | 2.18 | 0.64 | 1–3.88 | 1.95 | 0.59 | ||
| Internalizing symptoms—time 1 (748/−)b | 0–62.5 | 16.13 | 9.11 | 0–62.5 | 15.85 | 9.08 | ||
| Externalizing symptoms—time 1(742/−)b | 0–28.5 | 5.15 | 4.76 | 0–23.5 | 4.76 | 4.45 | ||
| Internalizing symptoms—time 2 (687/−)b | 0–59.5 | 13.22 | 8.04 | 0–41.5 | 12.87 | 7.43 | ||
| Externalizing symptoms—time 2(685/−)b | 0–30 | 5.80 | 4.97 | 0–26 | 5.32 | 4.34 | ||
a
income reported in multiples of $5,000
b
Internalizing and externalizing based on combination of mother and child report