Table 5.
Base-case analysis of direct costs, effectiveness, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICER) of different treatments using Monte Carlo simulation of 100,000 hypothetical patients with moderate COPD
| Treatment | Direct costs ($) | Effectiveness (exacerbations avoided/patient/year) | Cost/effectiveness ($/exacerbations avoided/patient/year) | ICER ($/exacerbations avoided/patient/year) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No treatment | 392.1 | 0.694 | 564.636 | |
| Salmeterol | 1268.7 | 1.052 | 1206.46 | 2454.48 |
| Tiotropium | 1408.6 | 1.129 | 1248.14 | 1817.37 |
Notes: Extended dominance report: The strategy ‘salmeterol’ is dominated by a blend of ‘no treatment’ group and ‘tiotropium’ with a coefficient of inequity between 0.138 and 0.1777.