Figure 1.
A wide variety of exogenous and endogenous ROS activate the ion channel TRPA1. Left, (clockwise from top left) 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, 4-oxo-2-nonenal, toluene diisocyanate, acrolein, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite, deoxy Δ12,14 prostaglandin J2. Top right, The free sulphydryl group on specific TRPA1 cysteine residues is the main functional target of electrophilic ROS. Bottom right, Representative traces of bronchopulmonary C-fiber action potential discharge to 4-oxo-2-nonenal (4ONE) in wild-type and TRPA1−/− mice. All C-fibers responded to capsaicin (300nM) at the end of the experiment. Taken from (Taylor-Clark et al., 2008a).