Table 2.
Technical solutions for eight cases of extrahepatic 99mTc-MAA deposition
Patient no. | Diagnosis | Vascular anatomy | Coiled arteries | Injection site | Site of extrahepatic deposition | Cause | Solution |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | HCC | Normal | GDA | RHA | Duodenum | Suboptimal coiling GDA with proximal branch | Selective catheterization: more distal in RHA (lobar) |
2 | Liver metastasis of neuroendocrine pancreatic tumor | Right-hepatic artery originating from SMA: 2 sessions | GDA | RHA | Duodenum/head of pancreas | Injection through glide-catheter, no microcatheter; injection too proximal? | New 99mTC-MAA injection with microcatheter to bifurcation right and median hepatic |
LHA | None | ||||||
3 | CRCLMs + left-sided hemihepatectomy | Trifurcation of the proper hepatic artery | GDA | Proper hepatic artery | Head of pancreas | From proper hepatic three vessels: no extra coiling performed | New 99mTC-MAA injection with selective catheterization in three segmental branches (3 injections) |
4 | CRCLMs + left-sided hemihepatectomy | Normal | GDA | RHA | Duodenum/ head of pancreas | Small branch to duodenum: too small to coil | New 99mTC-MAA injection: distal from branch |
5 | CRCLMs | Normal | GDA and right gastric artery | Two sessions: small branch to duodenum | |||
RHA | Duodenum/ head of pancreas | Small branch to duodenum (accountable for deposition) | Coiling duodenal branch | ||||
LHA | |||||||
6 | ACUP | Normal | GDA and right gastric artery | Proper hepatic artery | Duodenum | Small branch to duodenum: too small to coil | New 99mTC-MAA injection with selective catheterization in two phases: no extra hepatic deposition in either |
7 | HCC | Normal | GDA | RHA | Head of pancreas | Small branch to head of pancreas: too small to coil | New 99mTC-MAA injection: more distal from branch |
8 | HCC | Normal, numerous side branches | GDA, cystic artery, & duodenal branch | Proper hepatic artery | Gallbladder/gastric wall | Numerous side branches | No 90Y-RE possible: TACE |
CRCLMs colorectal carcinoma liver metastasis, ACUP adenocarcinoma of unknown primary